A rehabilitation programme involved 54 adolescents who had previously offended. They worked weekly in a bicycle repair workshop where supervisors followed the workshop rules and dealt with disagreements calmly.
After one month, the adolescents rated how strongly they identified with their supervisor. Official records were used to check whether each adolescent offended again during the next six months.
| Identification with supervisor | Number of adolescents | Number who offended again |
|---|---|---|
| Strong | 24 | 8 |
| Weak | 30 | 18 |
Explain one way the results support, and one way they challenge, identification with role models as an explanation of criminal behaviour.
135 exam-style questions on OCR GCSE Psychology 1.2 Theories/Explanations of why criminal/anti-social behaviour occurs, covering 1.2.1 SLT: identification with role models, 1.2.2 SLT: observation and imitation, 1.2.3 SLT: vicarious reinforcement, 1.2.4 SLT: direct reinforcement and internalisation; criticisms, 1.2.5 SLT research study: Cooper and Mackie (1986), 1.2.6 Eysenck's Criminal Personality Theory, 1.2.7 CNS, arousal and criminal personality, 1.2.8 Brain function, synapses and dopamine in psychoticism, 1.2.9 Dopamine reward, RAS and cortex in extroversion, 1.2.10 Autonomic nervous and limbic system in neuroticism, 1.2.11 Early socialisation and conditioning; criticisms, and 1.2.12 Criminal Personality research study: Heaven (1996). Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.