Dan is homeless and hungry. He steals a sandwich and eats it straight away. A few months later, Dan steals a pair of branded trainers because his friends admire people who wear them.
Explain which of Dan's thefts is reinforced by a primary reinforcer and which is reinforced by a secondary reinforcer.
48 exam-style questions on Edexcel GCSE Psychology 6.1 Criminal psychology, covering 6.1.1 Learning theories of criminality, 6.1.2 Biological explanations of criminality (Eysenck, 1964), 6.1.3 Effects of punishments on recidivism, and 6.1.4 Treatments to reduce criminal behaviour. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.