An Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) is programmed to survey a circular marine habitat.
Explain why the velocity of the AUV is different from its speed as it travels around the circular habitat.
The mass of the AUV is 12 kg12\text{ kg}12 kg and it has a linear acceleration of 3.5 m/s23.5\text{ m/s}^23.5 m/s2 during a straight calibration run. (i) Calculate the force needed to accelerate the AUV. Use the equation: force=mass×acceleration\text{force} = \text{mass} \times \text{acceleration}force=mass×acceleration
Force = ________ N\text{\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ N}________ N
(ii) Suggest why the actual thruster force required to accelerate the AUV through the water would be greater than the value calculated in part (b)(i).
(i) A larger robotic glider requires a constant forward thruster force of 80 N80\text{ N}80 N to cruise along a straight shipping channel. Calculate the work done by the thruster when the glider moves a distance of 150 m150\text{ m}150 m. Use the equation: work done=force×distance\text{work done} = \text{force} \times \text{distance}work done=force×distance
Work done = ________ J\text{\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ J}________ J
(ii) Calculate the power output of this glider's thruster if this work is done over a period of 200 seconds200\text{ seconds}200 seconds. Use your answer from (c)(i).
Power = ________ W\text{\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ W}________ W