An astronomer is comparing a newly discovered planetary system around a distant star with our own Solar System.

Describe the structure of our Solar System, contrasting the physical characteristics of the different categories of planets, and explaining the dynamic rules that govern the orbits of planets and comets.

Your description should include:

• The classification and spatial distribution of the different categories of planets.
• The types of non-planetary bodies orbiting the Sun.
• The relationship between an object's distance from the Sun and its orbital speed, including how the shapes of planetary orbits differ from those of comets.