An amateur astronomer attempts to photograph the Triangulum Galaxy ($M33$) from a suburban backyard using a digital camera attached to a refracting telescope on a static photographic tripod.

The resulting raw image suffers from two major defects:

1. The stars appear as short, parallel streaks (star-trailing) rather than sharp points of light.
2. The faint outer spiral arms of the galaxy are completely washed out by the bright, grey-orange background skyglow.

State two distinct changes the astronomer could make to their equipment or observational technique to resolve these issues and improve the image quality.