A class uses counters labelled p and n to model two beta-minus decays. Each p counter represents a proton and each n counter represents a neutron.
The parent nucleus is shown before the decay and the daughter nucleus is shown after the decay.
| model | stage | number of p counters | number of n counters |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | parent before decay | 12 | 15 |
| 1 | daughter after decay | ? | ? |
| 2 | parent before decay | ? | ? |
| 2 | daughter after decay | 9 | 12 |
Give the numbers of proton counters and neutron counters in the daughter nucleus in model 1.
Give the numbers of proton counters and neutron counters in the parent nucleus in model 2.
Calculate the mass number of the daughter nucleus in model 2.
The emitted beta-minus particle has a mass number of 0.
State what this shows about the particle.
State where the electron emitted in beta-minus decay is created.