stions","basePath":"/gcse/physics/edexcel/newton-s-laws-and-momentum/questions","formulaUrl":null,"initialIndex":12,"initialQuestionWindow":[{"id":"195e4d3a-9d12-40f8-bf35-a2326879be7a","revisionId":"692dd114-85a7-4e94-9b20-ab05b695fc2f","questionNumber":null,"questionType":"LA","specification":"A student uses the apparatus shown below to investigate the relationship between force and acceleration.\n\n![A toy car sits on a wooden ramp. A string attached to the car passes over a pulley at the end of the ramp to a hanging mass hanger. A light gate is positioned along the ramp to measure the car's speed.](https://assets.mathsgenie.co.uk/aqa-qb/177825ea-2803-4149-8eb9-72d25bd0cbf4.png)","difficulty":6,"difficultyBand":"medium","totalMarks":2,"sourceTitle":null,"calculatorUse":null,"parts":[{"id":"55f7f419-1fc8-4e51-adec-cfb0b01aae11","label":null,"content":"Explain how the student could adjust the ramp to compensate for the effects of frictional forces acting on the toy car.","markscheme":"- Raise or tilt the starting end of the ramp slightly M1\n- Adjust the slope until the toy car travels down the ramp at a constant velocity when given a gentle tap, without the hanging mass attached A1","marks":2,"order":0,"markingRubric":null,"explanation":{"methods":[{"id":"tilt_ramp","label":"Balance the friction","steps":[{"type":"text","order":0,"title":"Detach the hanging mass","content":"First, detach the hanging mass. Its pull must not affect the adjustment, because the ramp is being set to compensate only for friction acting on the toy car.","highlights":[{"text":"frictional forces acting on the toy car","location":"specification"}]},{"type":"text","order":1,"title":"Calibrate the slope","content":"Give the car a gentle tap **down the ramp**. Raise or tilt the starting end of the ramp slightly, then adjust the slope until the car travels down at constant velocity.\n\nConstant velocity means its speed stays the same: the downhill component of its weight is now balancing friction. This stated calibration earns the **A1** mark; raising or tilting the starting end earns the **M1** mark.","highlights":[{"text":"adjust the ramp","location":"specification"}]}]}],"generatedAt":"2026-07-22T09:23:40.352Z","modelVersion":"gpt-5.6-terra+diagrams-1","explanationVersion":"v3"},"options":[]}],"options":[],"explanation":null,"firstAttemptFullMarks":null},{"id":"20c1ac72-211f-47ae-b7da-cd0a7b1b2b8e","revisionId":"3d5dfbfc-4c33-48dd-80ee-248e146557bb","questionNumber":null,"questionType":"LA","specification":"A deep-sea exploration probe accelerates at a constant rate of $3.75\\text{ m s}^{-2}$ horizontally along a test channel.\n\nThe net force acting on the probe is $2.845\\text{ kN}$.","difficulty":4,"difficultyBand":"medium","totalMarks":3,"sourceTitle":null,"calculatorUse":null,"parts":[{"id":"4831267c-1c13-4731-8f2b-9a8d66be62d8","label":null,"content":"Calculate the mass of the probe.\n\nGive your answer to three significant figures.","markscheme":"- Converts the force from kN to N: $2.845\\text{ kN} = 2845\\text{ N}$ B1\n- Rearranges Newton's second law to $m = \\frac{F}{a}$ and substitutes the values M1\n- Calculates the mass as $759\\text{ kg}$ (to 3 s.f.) A1","marks":3,"order":0,"markingRubric":null,"explanation":{"methods":[{"id":"newtons_second_law","label":"Newton's second law","steps":[{"type":"text","order":1,"title":"Convert the force","content":"Use newtons in Newton's second law. The prefix **kilo** means $1000$, so\n\n$$2.845\\text{ kN}=2845\\text{ N}$$\n\nThis unit conversion earns the **B1** mark.","highlights":[{"text":"The net force acting on the probe is $2.845\\text{ kN}$.","location":"specification"}]},{"type":"hyper_latex","block":{"nodes":[{"latex":"F=ma"},{"latex":"m=\\frac{F}{a}"},{"latex":"m=\\frac{\\htmlData{anchor=force-used}{2845\\ \\mathrm{N}}}{\\htmlData{anchor=acceleration-used}{3.75\\ \\mathrm{m\\ s}^{-2}}}"}],"highlights":[{"color":"sky","anchor":"force-used"},{"color":"orange","anchor":"acceleration-used"}]},"order":2,"title":"Rearran

Newton's laws and momentum

Question 3

Newton's laws and momentum Questions

Newton's laws and momentum

Question 3

Newton's laws and momentum Questions