{ N m}$ and the total clockwise moment is also $3.6\\text{ N m}$. Since the moments are equal, the sculpture is in rotational equilibrium. This earns the A1 mark: include both equal values and the conclusion.","highlights":[{"text":"determine if the sculpture is in rotational equilibrium","location":"specification"}]}]}],"generatedAt":"2026-07-22T11:38:05.782Z","modelVersion":"gpt-5.6-terra+diagrams-1","explanationVersion":"v3"},"options":[]}],"options":[],"explanation":null,"firstAttemptFullMarks":null},{"id":"3490e571-fa9a-4c57-9266-006833bf3477","revisionId":"b158995c-1e30-4b62-a5d9-827c2f8b7f2f","questionNumber":null,"questionType":"LA","specification":"Figure 1 shows a claw hammer being used to pull a tight, stubborn nail out of a block of wood.\n\n![Diagram showing a claw hammer being used to pull a nail out of a wooden block. The pivot (fulcrum) is located where the curved back of the hammer's head rests against the surface of the block. The load force (the resistance of the nail) acts downwards at the claw, situated a very short perpendicular distance from the pivot. The effort force is applied perpendicularly at the far end of the hammer's handle, a much larger distance from the pivot. Labelled arrows show the effort force and the load force.](https://assets.mathsgenie.co.uk/aqa-qb/4d407dcc-a47b-4b52-b6aa-a6caccf87d50.png)","difficulty":6,"difficultyBand":"medium","totalMarks":6,"sourceTitle":null,"calculatorUse":null,"parts":[{"id":"9a6bbd3a-2b29-4d23-a972-4e06dc4eb747","label":null,"content":"Explain how the claw hammer acts as a force multiplier to make it easier to pull out the nail.\n\nYou should include the concept of moments in your explanation.","markscheme":"- Identifies the hammer as a lever (or rotational system) B1\n- Identifies the pivot as the point where the hammer head rests on the wooden block, with the effort at the handle and the load at the claw B1\n- States that a moment is calculated using $\\text{Moment} = \\text{Force} \\times \\text{perpendicular distance}$ C1\n- Explains that to extract the nail, the moment created by the effort must overcome the moment created by the nail's resistance M1\n- Explains that the perpendicular distance from the pivot to the hand (effort) is much larger than the perpendicular distance from the pivot to the nail (load) M1\n- Concludes that because of the larger distance, a much smaller effort force is required to produce a large enough moment to overcome the load (force multiplier) A1","marks":6,"order":0,"markingRubric":null,"explanation":{"methods":[{"id":"moments_lever","label":"Moments in a lever","steps":[{"type":"text","order":0,"title":"Name the lever parts","content":"The hammer is a **lever**: it turns about a fixed point, called a **pivot**.\n\nIn Figure 1, the pivot is where the curved hammer head rests on the wooden block. Your hand provides the **effort** at the end of the handle, while the nail's resistance is the **load** at the claw. This identifies all three parts of the lever for the first two marks.","highlights":[{"text":"Figure 1 shows a claw hammer being used to pull a tight, stubborn nail out of a block of wood.","location":"specification"}]},{"type":"hyper_latex","block":{"nodes":[{"latex":"\\text{moment}=\\htmlData{anchor=force}{\\text{force}}\\times\\htmlData{anchor=perp-distance}{\\text{perpendicular distance from the pivot}}"},{"latex":"M_{\\text{effort}}=F_E\\times d_E"},{"latex":"M_{\\text{load}}=F_L\\times d_L"}],"highlights":[{"color":"sky","anchor":"force"},{"color":"orange","style":"underline","anchor":"perp-distance"}]},"order":1,"title":"Use the moments rule","description":"A moment is the turning effect of a force about a pivot. Use the perpendicular distance: the shortest distance from the pivot to the force's line of action. Stating the formula below earns C1."},{"type":"text","order":2,"title":"Overcome the resistance","content":"To pull the nail out, the turning effect (moment) made by the effort at the handle must overcome the op

Moments, levers and gears

Question 6

Moments, levers and gears Questions

Moments, levers and gears

Question 6

Moments, levers and gears Questions