In a pumped-storage hydroelectric power station, water flows from a high-altitude reservoir down through a steel pipe (penstock) to drive a turbine generator. Engineers coat the inner surface of the penstock with a specialized, low-drag hydrophobic polymer lining.
Explain how this polymer lining improves the efficiency of the hydroelectric power generation system.
38 exam-style questions on Edexcel GCSE Physics 3.2 Dissipation and efficiency, covering 3.2.1 Dissipation of energy, 3.2.2 Reducing unwanted energy transfers, 3.2.3 Efficiency, and 3.2.4 Increasing efficiency. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.