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3 Conservation of energy

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Question 51
F

A student uses a falling mass to pull a trolley along a level bench.

The Figure shows the apparatus.

Figure

image

The trolley starts from rest. The hanging mass falls 0.60 m before it hits the floor.

The mass of the hanging mass is 0.20 kg. The mass of the trolley is 0.80 kg.

Gravitational field strength (ggg) = 10 N/kg

a.

Calculate the decrease in gravitational potential energy of the hanging mass as it falls 0.60 m.

[2]
b.

Just before the hanging mass hits the floor, the trolley and the hanging mass are both moving at 1.2 m/s.

Calculate the total kinetic energy of the trolley and the hanging mass at this moment.

[3]
c.

Explain why the total kinetic energy is less than the decrease in gravitational potential energy.

[2]
d.

Show that, if no energy were dissipated, the speed of the trolley just before the hanging mass hits the floor would be about 1.5 m/s.

[3]
Markscheme

3 Conservation of energy Questions

  1. GCSE
  2. /Physics
  3. /3 Conservation of energy

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