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Finding the Area of Any Triangle

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You already know that triangle area can be found with A=12×base×heightA = \frac{1}{2}\times \text{base}\times \text{height}A=21​×base×height. In this sketch, CQ=aCQ = aCQ=a is the base and CP=bCP = bCP=b.

         P
        /|
       / |
    b /  | h
     /   |
    /    |
   C-----D------Q
   <------ a ------>

Angle CCC is between sides aaa and bbb. Dropping a perpendicular from PPP to the base at DDD gives the height PD=hPD = hPD=h. In right triangle CPDCPDCPD, sin⁡C=PDCP=hb\sin C = \frac{PD}{CP} = \frac{h}{b}sinC=CPPD​=bh​, so h=bsin⁡Ch = b\sin Ch=bsinC. Substituting that into the usual area formula gives

A=12ah=12a(bsin⁡C)=12absin⁡C A = \frac{1}{2}ah = \frac{1}{2}a(b\sin C) = \frac{1}{2}ab\sin C A=21​ah=21​a(bsinC)=21​absinC

So when two sides and their included angle are known, use A=12absin⁡CA = \frac{1}{2}ab\sin CA=21​absinC. More generally, for any two sides xxx and yyy with included angle θ\thetaθ, A=12xysin⁡θA = \frac{1}{2}xy\sin\thetaA=21​xysinθ. The angle in the formula must be the one directly between the two sides you choose. Area answers should be given in squared units such as cm2\text{cm}^2cm2 or m2\text{m}^2m2.

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Practice questions

Question 1

3 marks

A triangle has two sides of length 12 cm and 15 cm. The angle between these two sides is labeled θ\thetaθ.

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What is the formula for the area of a triangle given its base bbb and perpendicular height hhh?

Finding the Area of Any Triangle Revision Guide

  1. GCSE
  2. /Maths
  3. /Finding the Area of Any Triangle

Revision notes for Edexcel GCSE Maths Finding the Area of Any Triangle. Open the guide for explanations and worked examples. Written against the Edexcel GCSE Maths (1MA1) specification, so the content matches what's examinable rather than general Maths background.

Revision guides

SurdsBoundsDirect and Inverse ProportionQuadratic FormulaFactorising Harder QuadraticsAlgebraic FractionsRearranging Harder FormulaeTrigonometric and Exponential GraphsInverse and Composite FunctionsIterationFinding the Area of Any TriangleThe Sine RuleThe Cosine RuleCongruent Triangles3d Pythagoras and TrigonometryHistogramsConditional Probability

Practise questions

1 of 5

A triangle has sides 6 cm and 10 cm, with an included angle of 40°40°40°. Which calculation gives its area?