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The angle is then measured clockwise from this line."},{"text":"The South line.","correct":false,"explanation":"Using South as the starting line confuses bearings with some descriptions of direction. Every bearing begins at the North line and is measured clockwise."},{"text":"The East line.","correct":false,"explanation":"East corresponds to a bearing of 090°, but it is not the starting line. Bearings always begin from the North line before turning clockwise."},{"text":"The West line.","correct":false,"explanation":"West corresponds to a bearing of 270°, rather than the starting line. Every bearing is measured clockwise from the North line."}]},{"id":"f77b285e-7fa3-4463-9ccf-e237fcb84d93","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"A bearing is measured from [ ] and goes [ ].","back":"A bearing is measured from North and goes clockwise.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"A bearing is measured from North and goes clockwise.","correct":true,"explanation":"The standard convention for bearings is to begin at the North line and measure the angle clockwise. This ensures that each direction has one unambiguous bearing."},{"text":"A bearing is measured from South and goes clockwise.","correct":false,"explanation":"Starting from South uses the wrong reference line. A bearing is measured from North and goes clockwise, regardless of the direction of travel."},{"text":"A bearing is measured from North and goes anticlockwise.","correct":false,"explanation":"Measuring anticlockwise reverses the standard bearing convention. A bearing begins at North and goes clockwise around the point where the angle is measured."},{"text":"A bearing is measured from East and goes anticlockwise.","correct":false,"explanation":"This changes both parts of the bearing convention. Bearings are measured from North, not East, and turn clockwise rather than anticlockwise."}]},{"id":"7202c9d3-740d-418c-bce1-16514db97791","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"In the bearing of B from A, which point is the angle measured at?","back":"At A.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"At A.","correct":true,"explanation":"The phrase “B from A” means the journey or direction starts at A. Therefore, the bearing angle is drawn and measured at A."},{"text":"At B.","correct":false,"explanation":"Choosing B reverses the order of the bearing. In “the bearing of B from A”, A is the starting point, so the angle is measured at A."},{"text":"At the midpoint.","correct":false,"explanation":"The angle is not measured halfway between the points. The word “from” identifies A as the starting point, so the bearing angle is measured at A."},{"text":"At either point.","correct":false,"explanation":"Bearings in opposite directions are generally different, so the angle cannot be measured at either point. “B from A” specifically requires measurement at A."}]},{"id":"7dc343f0-4e99-405d-80af-631445913f9d","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What does the word from tell you in a bearing question?","back":"The starting point for measuring.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"The starting point for measuring.","correct":true,"explanation":"The word “from” identifies the point where the bearing begins. The North line and the clockwise angle must therefore be drawn at that starting point."},{"text":"The finishing point for measuring.","correct":false,"explanation":"Confusing “from” with the destination reverses the bearing. “From” identifies the starting point where the North line and bearing angle are drawn."},{"text":"The North direction for measuring.","correct":false,"explanation":"North is the reference direction for every bearing, but it is not identified by the word “from”. “From” tells you the starting point for measuring."},{"text":"The clockwise angle for measuring.","correct":false,"explanation":"Bearings are measured clockwise, but the word “from” does not specify the angle. It identifies the starting point where that clockwise angle is measured."}]},{"id":"3aacd284-efe0-4dd0-8223-d8d8b8a6f415","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"Bearings are written using [ ], so 67° is written as [ ].","back":"Bearings are written using three figures, so 67° is written as 067°.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Bearings are written using three figures, so 67° is written as 067°.","correct":true,"explanation":"Bearings must contain three figures. Since 67 has only two figures, a zero is placed at the front to give the bearing 067°."},{"text":"Bearings are written using two figures, so 67° is written as 67°.","correct":false,"explanation":"Leaving 67° as two figures ignores the standard notation for bearings. Bearings use three figures, so a leading zero is required and the answer is 067°."},{"text":"Bearings are written using three figures, so 67° is written as 670°.","correct":false,"explanation":"Appending a zero changes the angle from 67° to 670°, which is not a valid single-turn bearing. Add the zero at the front to obtain 067°."},{"text":"Bearings are written using four figures, so 67° is written as 0067°.","correct":false,"explanation":"Four-figure notation adds an unnecessary leading zero. Bearings use exactly three figures, so 67° needs only one zero at the front: 067°."}]},{"id":"6c5687df-0bd0-4a8a-a271-05deeb93b25a","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"Write 7° as a three-figure bearing.","back":"007°.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"007°.","correct":true,"explanation":"A bearing must be written with three figures. The angle 7° therefore needs two leading zeros, giving the three-figure bearing 007°."},{"text":"070°.","correct":false,"explanation":"Placing only one zero before 7 and another after it changes the angle to 70°. Two leading zeros are needed, so 7° is written 007°."},{"text":"700°.","correct":false,"explanation":"Adding zeros after the 7 changes the value to 700°, rather than formatting 7°. Leading zeros preserve the angle, giving the bearing 007°."},{"text":"107°.","correct":false,"explanation":"Adding 1 at the front changes the angle by 100°. A three-figure bearing uses leading zeros without changing its value, so 7° becomes 007°."}]},{"id":"19f70d68-a7f2-420e-ab15-25d7f80d6fa1","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"Write 42° as a three-figure bearing.","back":"042°.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"042°.","correct":true,"explanation":"The angle 42° has two figures, so one leading zero is added to make a three-figure bearing. This gives 042° without changing the angle."},{"text":"420°.","correct":false,"explanation":"Putting the zero after 42 multiplies the angle by ten and produces more than a full turn. The zero must go in front, giving 042°."},{"text":"402°.","correct":false,"explanation":"Placing the zero between 4 and 2 changes the value to 402°. A leading zero preserves the original 42° angle, so the bearing is 042°."},{"text":"142°.","correct":false,"explanation":"Adding 1 to the front changes the angle by 100°. Only a leading zero can complete the three-figure format without changing 42°, giving 042°."}]},{"id":"feb9d160-b03d-479e-a0ca-c356a83929b6","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"Why is 58° written as 058° for a bearing?","back":"Bearings need three figures.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Bearings need three figures.","correct":true,"explanation":"Standard bearing notation always uses three figures. Since 58 has only two figures, a leading zero is added to write the bearing as 058°."},{"text":"Bearings need two figures.","correct":false,"explanation":"Two figures would leave the angle as 58°, which does not follow standard bearing notation. Bearings require three figures, so it must be written as 058°."},{"text":"Bearings need four figures.","correct":false,"explanation":"Bearings do not use four-figure angle notation. They require exactly three figures, so 58° takes one leading zero and becomes 058°."},{"text":"Bearings need a trailing zero.","correct":false,"explanation":"A trailing zero would change 58° into 580°, rather than simply formatting it. Bearings need three figures, so the zero is placed in front: 058°."}]},{"id":"c4a7f59d-2b65-47bc-bb34-9ebafe2bf5b6","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"If a bearing has fewer than three digits, add [ ] at the [ ].","back":"If a bearing has fewer than three digits, add leading zeros at the front.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"If a bearing has fewer than three digits, add leading zeros at the front.","correct":true,"explanation":"Bearings are always written using three digits, so zeros are placed before a shorter bearing. For example, a bearing of 45° is written as 045°."},{"text":"If a bearing has fewer than three digits, add trailing zeros at the back.","correct":false,"explanation":"Adding zeros at the end changes the angle, turning 45° into 450°. The correct convention is to add leading zeros at the front, giving 045°."},{"text":"If a bearing has fewer than three digits, add leading zeros at the back.","correct":false,"explanation":"Leading zeros belong before the existing digits, not after them. A two-digit bearing such as 45° must therefore be written as 045°."},{"text":"If a bearing has fewer than three digits, add trailing zeros at the front.","correct":false,"explanation":"Trailing zeros would alter the value of the bearing rather than standardise its notation. Bearings use leading zeros at the front until three digits are shown."}]},{"id":"019f11c9-679a-4b03-b1d9-0d4b44adca2c","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What tool is used to measure or draw bearing angles?","back":"A protractor.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"A protractor.","correct":true,"explanation":"A protractor has a marked angular scale, allowing bearing angles to be measured or drawn accurately in degrees from a North line."},{"text":"A compass.","correct":false,"explanation":"A compass draws circles or arcs but does not have a degree scale for measuring angles. Bearing angles are measured or drawn using a protractor."},{"text":"A ruler.","correct":false,"explanation":"A ruler is useful for drawing straight direction lines, but it cannot measure angles in degrees. A protractor is required to measure or construct a bearing."},{"text":"A set square.","correct":false,"explanation":"A set square provides only certain fixed angles, so it cannot measure arbitrary bearings. A protractor supplies the degree scale needed for bearing angles."}]},{"id":"28c6a75b-dc58-4a72-86f5-7c1cf7b048ba","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"When drawing a bearing, what should you draw before measuring the angle?","back":"A North line.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"A North line.","correct":true,"explanation":"A bearing is measured clockwise from North, so a North line through the starting point must be drawn first as the reference direction."},{"text":"An East line.","correct":false,"explanation":"An East line represents 090°, but it is not the starting reference for bearings. Draw a North line first because bearings are measured clockwise from North."},{"text":"A South line.","correct":false,"explanation":"A South line represents 180° from North and is not the standard reference direction. Bearings must begin from a North line at the starting point."},{"text":"A West line.","correct":false,"explanation":"A West line represents 270°, so using it as the initial reference shifts every measured angle. Bearings are measured clockwise from a North line."}]},{"id":"00e01274-e13f-4e1b-8d5d-6672d28d9c57","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"When drawing a bearing, what should 0° on the protractor line up with?","back":"The North line.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"The North line.","correct":true,"explanation":"Bearings are measured clockwise starting from North, so the protractor’s 0° mark must align with the North line through the relevant point."},{"text":"The East line.","correct":false,"explanation":"East corresponds to a bearing of 090°, not the zero position. The protractor’s 0° mark must line up with North before measuring clockwise."},{"text":"The direction line.","correct":false,"explanation":"The direction line shows the final bearing rather than its starting reference. The 0° mark must align with the North line, from which the angle is measured."},{"text":"The curved edge.","correct":false,"explanation":"The protractor’s curved edge contains the degree scale and cannot serve as the zero reference. Align 0° with the straight North line through the point."}]},{"id":"429c54f9-d139-4a18-ada7-881eb4bf35c0","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"A bearing of 120° is more than [ ] but less than [ ].","back":"A bearing of 120° is more than 90° but less than 180°.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"A bearing of 120° is more than 90° but less than 180°.","correct":true,"explanation":"Since 120 lies between 90 and 180, this bearing points into the quadrant between East and South when measured clockwise from North."},{"text":"A bearing of 120° is more than 120° but less than 180°.","correct":false,"explanation":"Although 120° is less than 180°, it is equal to 120°, not more than it. The correct bounding angles are 90° and 180°."},{"text":"A bearing of 120° is more than 90° but less than 120°.","correct":false,"explanation":"A strict inequality cannot say that 120° is less than itself. The bearing is more than 90° and less than 180°."},{"text":"A bearing of 120° is more than 180° but less than 270°.","correct":false,"explanation":"A bearing of 120° has not passed 180°, so it cannot lie between 180° and 270°. It lies between 90° and 180°."}]},{"id":"e7bad185-8a93-44b3-9c9d-baebbf6061dc","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"A bearing of 120° from P points in which general direction?","back":"Down and to the right of P.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Down and to the right of P.","correct":true,"explanation":"From North, turning 120° clockwise passes East at 90° and continues towards South. The resulting direction is therefore down and to the right of P."},{"text":"Up and to the right of P.","correct":false,"explanation":"Up and to the right corresponds to a clockwise bearing between 000° and 090°. Since 120° is between 090° and 180°, it points down and right."},{"text":"Down and to the left of P.","correct":false,"explanation":"Down and to the left corresponds to bearings between 180° and 270°. A bearing of 120° lies between East and South, so it points down and right."},{"text":"Up and to the left of P.","correct":false,"explanation":"Up and to the left corresponds to bearings between 270° and 360°. A 120° clockwise turn from North instead points down and to the right."}]},{"id":"a9049fa0-ebb2-426d-8df1-500c3c89a5e2","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"If a diagram shows a small angle anticlockwise from North, is that angle the bearing?","back":"No - bearings go clockwise.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"No - bearings go clockwise.","correct":true,"explanation":"Bearings are measured clockwise from North. An angle marked anticlockwise is therefore not itself the bearing and must be subtracted from 360°."},{"text":"Yes - bearings can go anticlockwise.","correct":false,"explanation":"The marked angle is measured in the wrong rotational direction. Bearings always go clockwise from North, so an anticlockwise angle must be converted using 360° minus the angle."},{"text":"Yes - bearings start from North.","correct":false,"explanation":"Bearings do start from North, but they must be measured clockwise rather than anticlockwise. The marked angle is converted by subtracting it from 360°."},{"text":"Yes - bearings use the smaller angle.","correct":false,"explanation":"Bearing conventions require clockwise measurement, not whichever rotation is shorter. A small anticlockwise angle is therefore not the bearing; its corresponding bearing is close to 360°."}]},{"id":"81921802-5bbc-49b3-9dce-566f2de6cc48","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"For a marked anticlockwise angle from North, bearing = [ ] - [ ].","back":"For a marked anticlockwise angle from North, bearing = 360° - marked angle.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"For a marked anticlockwise angle from North, bearing = 360° - marked angle.","correct":true,"explanation":"A full turn is 360°, so the remaining clockwise angle equals 360° minus the marked anticlockwise angle. This gives the required three-figure bearing."},{"text":"For a marked anticlockwise angle from North, bearing = 180° - marked angle.","correct":false,"explanation":"Subtracting from 180° treats the diagram as a half-turn and produces the wrong direction. The full angle around a point is 360°, so subtract from 360°."},{"text":"For a marked anticlockwise angle from North, bearing = 360° + marked angle.","correct":false,"explanation":"Adding the anticlockwise angle to 360° produces an angle greater than one complete turn. The clockwise bearing is the remainder, found using 360° minus the marked angle."},{"text":"For a marked anticlockwise angle from North, bearing = marked angle - 360°.","correct":false,"explanation":"Reversing the subtraction gives a negative value for any ordinary marked angle below 360°. The positive clockwise bearing is 360° minus the marked angle."}]},{"id":"65b108cd-7aa0-4132-bae2-88c7349a4b71","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"A line is 35° anticlockwise from North. What is its bearing?","back":"325°.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"325°.","correct":true,"explanation":"Bearings are measured clockwise from North. Turning 35° anticlockwise is equivalent to turning 360° - 35° = 325° clockwise, giving a bearing of 325°."},{"text":"035°.","correct":false,"explanation":"This treats the 35° turn as clockwise rather than anticlockwise. Bearings are measured clockwise from North, so the correct calculation is 360° - 35° = 325°."},{"text":"145°.","correct":false,"explanation":"This incorrectly adds 180° as though finding a reverse bearing. The line is 35° anticlockwise from North, so its clockwise bearing is 360° - 35° = 325°."},{"text":"215°.","correct":false,"explanation":"This does not represent a 35° anticlockwise turn from North. Converting to the required clockwise angle gives 360° - 35° = 325°, so the bearing is 325°."}]},{"id":"bb4dd500-ca85-4f76-bcde-b0d54ab967af","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What does a reverse bearing point compared with the original bearing?","back":"The opposite direction.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"The opposite direction.","correct":true,"explanation":"A reverse bearing describes travel back along the same straight line, so it points in the direction exactly opposite to the original bearing."},{"text":"The same direction.","correct":false,"explanation":"Keeping the same direction leaves the original bearing unchanged. A reverse bearing points back along the same line in the opposite direction, differing by 180°."},{"text":"The clockwise direction.","correct":false,"explanation":"All bearings are measured clockwise from North, but that does not define a reverse bearing. A reverse bearing points in the opposite direction along the same line."},{"text":"The northerly direction.","correct":false,"explanation":"A reverse bearing does not necessarily point North; its direction depends on the original journey. It points exactly opposite to the original bearing along the same line."}]},{"id":"43c53c4b-3c27-4953-92e4-898121ff3d14","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"Opposite directions differ by [ ].","back":"Opposite directions differ by 180°.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"180°","correct":true,"explanation":"A full turn is 360°, so directions pointing exactly opposite each other are separated by half a turn, which is 180°."},{"text":"90°","correct":false,"explanation":"A difference of 90° describes perpendicular directions, not opposite ones. Opposite directions are separated by half of a 360° turn, so they differ by 180°."},{"text":"360°","correct":false,"explanation":"A 360° turn returns to the same direction rather than the opposite direction. Half a full turn is required, so opposite directions differ by 180°."},{"text":"270°","correct":false,"explanation":"Although 270° clockwise reaches the same orientation as 90° anticlockwise, that is a quarter-turn relationship. Exactly opposite directions differ by 180°."}]},{"id":"6112fc03-6632-490b-97bc-c4538dc43f3b","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"How do you find a reverse bearing when the original bearing is less than 180°?","back":"Add 180°.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Add 180°.","correct":true,"explanation":"Reverse bearings differ by 180°. When the original bearing is below 180°, adding 180° produces the opposite direction while keeping the result below 360°."},{"text":"Subtract 180°.","correct":false,"explanation":"Subtracting 180° from a bearing below 180° gives a negative angle. The reverse bearing is found by adding 180°, producing a valid three-figure bearing."},{"text":"Add 360°.","correct":false,"explanation":"Adding 360° produces the same direction because it represents one complete turn. A reverse bearing points oppositely, so 180° must be added instead."},{"text":"Subtract from 360°.","correct":false,"explanation":"Subtracting the bearing from 360° reflects the direction around North rather than reversing it. For an original bearing below 180°, add 180°."}]},{"id":"031bc8a6-4e35-46d3-8095-c78bfd136c5a","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"How do you find a reverse bearing when the original bearing is more than 180°?","back":"Subtract 180°.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Subtract 180°.","correct":true,"explanation":"Reverse bearings differ by 180°. When the original bearing exceeds 180°, subtracting 180° gives the opposite direction as a valid bearing between 000° and 180°."},{"text":"Add 180°.","correct":false,"explanation":"Adding 180° to a bearing above 180° produces a value over 360° unless another adjustment is made. The direct method is to subtract 180°."},{"text":"Subtract 360°.","correct":false,"explanation":"Subtracting 360° represents a complete turn and therefore leaves the direction unchanged. To point in the opposite direction, subtract 180° from the original bearing."},{"text":"Subtract from 360°.","correct":false,"explanation":"Subtracting the bearing from 360° gives its reflection around the North line, not necessarily its reverse. For a bearing above 180°, subtract 180°."}]},{"id":"e74c2613-1db0-4d47-afff-c884c693eb0f","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"A journey from V to T has bearing 072°. What is the reverse bearing?","back":"252°.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"252°.","correct":true,"explanation":"The original bearing 072° is below 180°, so adding 180° gives the opposite direction: 072° + 180° = 252°."},{"text":"108°.","correct":false,"explanation":"This comes from subtracting 072° from 180°, which finds a supplementary angle but not the reverse bearing. Add 180° to 072° to obtain 252°."},{"text":"288°.","correct":false,"explanation":"This comes from calculating 360° - 072°, which reflects the bearing around North rather than reversing the journey. The reverse is 072° + 180° = 252°."},{"text":"242°.","correct":false,"explanation":"This results from an addition error when combining 072° and 180°. Reverse bearings differ by exactly 180°, so the correct total is 252°."}]},{"id":"911cf102-ac18-4c05-b920-3731f63c6ece","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"A journey from A to B has bearing 230°. What is the reverse bearing?","back":"050°.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"050°.","correct":true,"explanation":"The original bearing 230° is above 180°, so subtracting 180° gives the reverse direction: 230° - 180° = 050°, written with three figures."},{"text":"130°.","correct":false,"explanation":"This subtracts 100° rather than the required half-turn. Reverse bearings differ by 180°, so 230° - 180° = 050°."},{"text":"310°.","correct":false,"explanation":"This adds 80° rather than reversing the direction by half a turn. Since 230° exceeds 180°, subtract 180° to obtain 050°."},{"text":"040°.","correct":false,"explanation":"This results from a subtraction error when calculating 230° - 180°. The difference is 50°, which must be written as the three-figure bearing 050°."}]}]}],"examCountdown":{"examDate":"2027-05-14","paperLabel":"Paper 1"},"heading":"Bearings","title":"Bearings Flashcards","topbar":{"backHref":"/gcse/maths/edexcel/flashcards"},"topicSidebar":"$L37"}]}],"topicId":"0dfde3ca-98f7-4ff9-933b-3b81b186ef49","walled":"$L38"}],"$L39","$L3a"]