In 2025, a nation has a total population of 120 million120\text{ million}120 million people, of whom 48 million48\text{ million}48 million live in urban areas. By 2035, the total population is projected to reach 150 million150\text{ million}150 million people, with 60 million60\text{ million}60 million living in urban areas.
Which of the following processes has occurred during this decade?
Both urbanisation and urban growth, because the absolute urban population increased by 12 million12\text{ million}12 million and the total national population increased by 30 million30\text{ million}30 million.
Urban growth, but not urbanisation, because the absolute number of urban residents increased while the proportion of the population living in urban areas remained constant at 40%40\%40%.
Urbanisation, but not urban growth, because the overall national population expanded, altering the demographic carrying capacity of the rural hinterlands.
Neither urbanisation nor urban growth, because the ratio of urban-to-rural residents remained constant at 2:32:32:3.
