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latitude of the Tropic of Cancer. The Equator is the starting point for measuring latitude and lies at 0° latitude."},{"text":"23.5° S latitude.","correct":false,"explanation":"23.5° S marks the Tropic of Capricorn, not the Equator. The Equator divides the Northern and Southern Hemispheres at 0° latitude."},{"text":"90° N latitude.","correct":false,"explanation":"90° N identifies the North Pole rather than the Equator. The Equator lies midway between the poles at 0° latitude."}]},{"id":"e81282e8-a41e-47e1-bc47-a35452313829","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"The tropics lie between the Tropic of Cancer at [ ] and the Tropic of Capricorn at [ ].","back":"The tropics lie between the Tropic of Cancer at 23.5° N and the Tropic of Capricorn at 23.5° S.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"The tropics lie between the Tropic of Cancer at 23.5° N and the Tropic of Capricorn at 23.5° S.","correct":true,"explanation":"The Tropic of Cancer is 23.5° north of the Equator, while the Tropic of Capricorn is 23.5° south, defining the tropical zone."},{"text":"The tropics lie between the Tropic of Cancer at 23.5° S and the Tropic of Capricorn at 23.5° N.","correct":false,"explanation":"The directions have been reversed. Cancer lies north of the Equator at 23.5° N, while Capricorn lies south at 23.5° S."},{"text":"The tropics lie between the Tropic of Cancer at 66.5° N and the Tropic of Capricorn at 23.5° S.","correct":false,"explanation":"66.5° N is the Arctic Circle, not the Tropic of Cancer. The tropical boundaries are 23.5° N for Cancer and 23.5° S for Capricorn."},{"text":"The tropics lie between the Tropic of Cancer at 66.5° N and the Tropic of Capricorn at 66.5° S.","correct":false,"explanation":"Both values confuse the tropics with the polar circles. Cancer is at 23.5° N and Capricorn is at 23.5° S."}]},{"id":"4be1e38b-6346-4449-9f02-6f587fe2079d","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What does the word tropical suggest about rainforest location?","back":"In or near the tropics, close to the Equator.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"In or near the tropics, close to the Equator.","correct":true,"explanation":"The term tropical refers to the low-latitude zone between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, which surrounds the Equator."},{"text":"In or near the polar regions, far from the Equator.","correct":false,"explanation":"This confuses tropical environments with polar ones. Tropical rainforests are associated with low latitudes in or near the tropics, close to the Equator."},{"text":"In or near the temperate zones, away from the Equator.","correct":false,"explanation":"Temperate latitudes lie outside the tropics and generally have greater seasonal variation. The word tropical suggests a location in or near the tropics, close to the Equator."},{"text":"On or near the Date Line, opposite the Equator.","correct":false,"explanation":"The International Date Line concerns longitude and timekeeping, not tropical location. Tropical rainforests are found in or near the tropics, close to the Equator."}]},{"id":"6c0a9b52-4e5d-419a-b5e2-35cd6ea09cd9","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What climate is linked with tropical rainforest locations?","back":"Hot and wet.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Hot and wet.","correct":true,"explanation":"Tropical rainforest locations receive strong year-round solar heating and abundant rainfall, producing a climate that is consistently hot and wet."},{"text":"Hot and dry.","correct":false,"explanation":"Hot and dry conditions are characteristic of many deserts, not tropical rainforests. Tropical rainforest locations have a hot and wet climate."},{"text":"Cold and wet.","correct":false,"explanation":"Cold and wet conditions may occur in high-latitude or mountainous environments. Tropical rainforests are linked with consistently hot and wet conditions."},{"text":"Cold and dry.","correct":false,"explanation":"Cold and dry conditions are typical of polar environments rather than equatorial forests. Tropical rainforest locations are linked with a hot and wet climate."}]},{"id":"eed37499-39a6-42e7-a0d5-3540274e1788","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"Between which two tropics are most major tropical rainforests found?","back":"Between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn.","correct":true,"explanation":"Most major tropical rainforests occupy low latitudes within the tropical zone bounded by the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn."},{"text":"Between the Arctic Circle and Antarctic Circle.","correct":false,"explanation":"The Arctic and Antarctic Circles bound the polar regions, not the tropical zone. Most major tropical rainforests lie between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn."},{"text":"Between the Equator and Tropic of Cancer.","correct":false,"explanation":"This range covers only the northern half of the tropical zone. Major rainforests occur on both sides of the Equator, between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn."},{"text":"Between the Prime Meridian and International Date Line.","correct":false,"explanation":"The Prime Meridian and International Date Line measure longitude and do not define the tropics. Tropical rainforests are mainly between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn."}]},{"id":"11bac177-02ae-45fe-8898-eb04208dde50","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"Tropical rainforests form a [ ] around the world near the [ ].","back":"Tropical rainforests form a broken belt around the world near the Equator.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Tropical rainforests form a broken belt around the world near the Equator.","correct":true,"explanation":"Tropical rainforests occur in separate regions across several continents, creating a broken belt concentrated around the low latitudes near the Equator."},{"text":"Tropical rainforests form a continuous belt around the world near the Equator.","correct":false,"explanation":"Rainforests do not form an unbroken strip because oceans and unsuitable climates create gaps. They form a broken belt near the Equator."},{"text":"Tropical rainforests form a broken belt around the world near the Prime Meridian.","correct":false,"explanation":"The Prime Meridian is a line of longitude and does not determine rainforest climate. Tropical rainforests form a broken belt near the Equator."},{"text":"Tropical rainforests form a single line around the world near the Tropic of Cancer.","correct":false,"explanation":"Rainforests cover broad, separated regions rather than a single isolated line, and their distribution is related to latitude near the Equator."}]},{"id":"20355b2f-8d07-4ec5-bd6c-4909121b194f","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why is the global rainforest belt described as broken?","back":"

Separated by oceans.
Interrupted by drier or different climate areas.

","mcqOptions":[{"text":"

Separated by oceans.
Interrupted by drier or different climate areas.

","correct":true,"explanation":"Oceans separate rainforest regions on different continents, while drier or otherwise unsuitable climates interrupt them on land, preventing one continuous global belt."},{"text":"

Separated by international borders.
Interrupted by changes in time zones.

","correct":false,"explanation":"Political borders and time zones are human divisions that do not break natural vegetation belts. Oceans and areas with unsuitable climates create the actual gaps."},{"text":"

Separated by lines of longitude.
Interrupted by map grid squares.

","correct":false,"explanation":"Lines of longitude and map grid squares are mapping conventions, not physical barriers. The rainforest belt is broken by oceans and drier or different climates."},{"text":"

Separated by whole continents.
Interrupted by the Equator itself.

","correct":false,"explanation":"Continents contain many major rainforest regions, and the Equator passes through several of them. Oceans and unsuitable climate areas explain the broken distribution."}]},{"id":"25ef2133-87bf-44ee-bc4a-ba8bdff7fd4f","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"In Geography, distribution means where something is [ ] and how it is [ ].","back":"In Geography, distribution means where something is found and how it is spread.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"In Geography, distribution means where something is found and how it is spread.","correct":true,"explanation":"Geographical distribution describes the locations where a feature is found and the pattern showing how that feature is spread across an area."},{"text":"In Geography, distribution means where something is found and how it is destroyed.","correct":false,"explanation":"Distribution does not describe how a feature is destroyed. It identifies where something is found and the pattern of how it is spread."},{"text":"In Geography, distribution means where something is created and how it is spread.","correct":false,"explanation":"Distribution concerns a feature’s location rather than the process that created it. It means where something is found and how it is spread."},{"text":"In Geography, distribution means where something is named and how it is measured.","correct":false,"explanation":"Naming and measuring are ways of describing or studying features, not defining their distribution. Distribution means where something is found and how it is spread."}]},{"id":"104f8b7b-93fb-479f-b207-21a5bab70425","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"Where is the Amazon rainforest located?","back":"Northern South America.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Northern South America.","correct":true,"explanation":"Most of the Amazon rainforest lies in northern South America, centred on Brazil and extending into neighbouring countries within the Amazon drainage basin."},{"text":"Central Africa.","correct":false,"explanation":"The Congo rainforest occupies equatorial central Africa. The Amazon rainforest is in northern South America, spread across Brazil and several neighbouring countries."},{"text":"Central America.","correct":false,"explanation":"Central America has its own tropical rainforests between southern Mexico and Panama. The Amazon rainforest is located in northern South America."},{"text":"South-East Asia.","correct":false,"explanation":"South-East Asia contains major rainforests in countries such as Indonesia and Malaysia. The Amazon rainforest instead lies in northern South America."}]},{"id":"f5b00a5b-4315-4984-a302-a6b68a4006e8","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"Which basin does the Amazon rainforest mainly cover?","back":"The Amazon Basin.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"The Amazon Basin.","correct":true,"explanation":"The rainforest is centred on the vast drainage area of the Amazon River, so its principal physical region is the Amazon Basin."},{"text":"The Congo Basin.","correct":false,"explanation":"The Congo Basin drains equatorial central Africa and contains a separate major rainforest. The Amazon rainforest mainly occupies the Amazon Basin in South America."},{"text":"The Paraná Basin.","correct":false,"explanation":"The Paraná Basin lies farther south and drains parts of Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina. The Amazon rainforest mainly covers the Amazon Basin."},{"text":"The Orinoco Basin.","correct":false,"explanation":"The Orinoco Basin is a neighbouring drainage basin centred on Venezuela and Colombia. Most of the Amazon rainforest lies within the Amazon Basin."}]},{"id":"5fcf0ed0-08ba-4886-bbf6-6ca74ab065d2","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"The Amazon is the world’s [ ] tropical rainforest region.","back":"The Amazon is the world’s largest tropical rainforest region.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"largest","correct":true,"explanation":"By area, the Amazon exceeds every other tropical rainforest region, with the Congo Basin ranking second, so the required superlative is largest."},{"text":"second largest","correct":false,"explanation":"This reverses the correct global ranking: the Congo Basin is second largest, whereas the Amazon is the world’s largest tropical rainforest region."},{"text":"third largest","correct":false,"explanation":"This understates the Amazon’s global ranking by confusing it with smaller rainforest regions. The Amazon is the world’s largest tropical rainforest region."},{"text":"smallest","correct":false,"explanation":"This reverses the Amazon’s position in the size ranking. Its enormous area makes it the world’s largest, not smallest, tropical rainforest region."}]},{"id":"181af31f-b20a-451a-9877-b09780b0b081","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why is Brazil alone too vague for locating the Amazon rainforest?","back":"It extends across several South American countries.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"It extends across several South American countries.","correct":true,"explanation":"Although most of the rainforest is in Brazil, it also reaches countries including Peru, Colombia and Bolivia, so naming only Brazil is geographically incomplete."},{"text":"It lies entirely within Brazil’s borders.","correct":false,"explanation":"Treating national borders as rainforest boundaries is the misconception. The Amazon extends beyond Brazil into several other South American countries."},{"text":"It is located mainly in Central America.","correct":false,"explanation":"This confuses the Amazon with the rainforests between southern Mexico and Panama. The Amazon extends across several countries in South America."},{"text":"It covers only Brazil’s coastal regions.","correct":false,"explanation":"Brazil’s Atlantic Forest is associated with coastal areas, but the Amazon is predominantly inland and extends across several South American countries."}]},{"id":"5bfde608-e1c4-4f9b-98bb-ea6208c39f5c","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"Where are the Central American rainforests found?","back":"From southern Mexico through Central America to Panama.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"From southern Mexico through Central America to Panama.","correct":true,"explanation":"The Central American rainforest belt begins around southern Mexico and continues south-eastwards through the narrow isthmus as far as Panama."},{"text":"From northern Mexico through Central America to Costa Rica.","correct":false,"explanation":"Northern Mexico is largely arid or semi-arid, and Costa Rica is not the southern end of the isthmus. The rainforest belt runs from southern Mexico to Panama."},{"text":"From southern Texas through Central America to Panama.","correct":false,"explanation":"Southern Texas lies north of the tropical Central American rainforest belt. Its accepted extent is from southern Mexico through Central America to Panama."},{"text":"From southern Mexico through Central America to Belize.","correct":false,"explanation":"Belize lies within Central America rather than at its southern end. The rainforest distribution continues beyond Belize through the region to Panama."}]},{"id":"3f96165b-4982-4030-a54a-36a962ef7341","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"Central America is the narrow land bridge between [ ] and [ ].","back":"Central America is the narrow land bridge between southern Mexico and Panama.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Central America is the narrow land bridge between southern Mexico and Panama.","correct":true,"explanation":"Central America forms a narrow isthmus extending from southern Mexico to Panama, linking the larger landmasses of North America and South America."},{"text":"Central America is the narrow land bridge between northern Mexico and Panama.","correct":false,"explanation":"Northern Mexico extends well beyond the narrow Central American isthmus. The land bridge is conventionally described as running from southern Mexico to Panama."},{"text":"Central America is the narrow land bridge between southern Mexico and Colombia.","correct":false,"explanation":"Colombia is in South America beyond the Darién region, rather than the southern endpoint of Central America. The land bridge runs to Panama."},{"text":"Central America is the narrow land bridge between southern Texas and Colombia.","correct":false,"explanation":"Southern Texas is north of Central America, while Colombia belongs to South America. The Central American land bridge extends from southern Mexico to Panama."}]},{"id":"9d1e9d37-ff41-458a-9053-1cb29dbc7cc2","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"Which major rainforest region is in central Africa around the Equator?","back":"The Congo River Basin rainforest.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"The Congo River Basin rainforest.","correct":true,"explanation":"The Congo River Basin straddles the Equator in central Africa and supports the continent’s largest continuous area of tropical rainforest."},{"text":"The Amazon River Basin rainforest.","correct":false,"explanation":"The Amazon Basin rainforest lies in northern South America, not central Africa. The equatorial African rainforest is located in the Congo River Basin."},{"text":"The Mekong River Basin rainforest.","correct":false,"explanation":"The Mekong Basin is in mainland South-East Asia rather than central Africa. Central Africa’s major equatorial rainforest occupies the Congo River Basin."},{"text":"The Nile River Basin rainforest.","correct":false,"explanation":"The Nile Basin crosses eastern and north-eastern Africa and includes extensive dry regions. Central Africa’s equatorial rainforest is in the Congo River Basin."}]},{"id":"162f26ec-007c-4c95-b151-8d43f443d0bd","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"The Congo River Basin rainforest is the [ ] tropical rainforest region after the [ ].","back":"The Congo River Basin rainforest is the second largest tropical rainforest region after the Amazon.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"The Congo River Basin rainforest is the second largest tropical rainforest region after the Amazon.","correct":true,"explanation":"Only the Amazon covers a greater area of tropical rainforest, placing the Congo River Basin second in the global ranking by size."},{"text":"The Congo River Basin rainforest is the largest tropical rainforest region after the Amazon.","correct":false,"explanation":"The Amazon, not the Congo Basin, is the largest tropical rainforest region. The Congo Basin ranks second after the Amazon."},{"text":"The Congo River Basin rainforest is the second largest tropical rainforest region after the Borneo.","correct":false,"explanation":"Borneo contains important South-East Asian rainforest but is not ranked ahead of the Congo Basin. The Congo is second largest after the Amazon."},{"text":"The Congo River Basin rainforest is the third largest tropical rainforest region after the Amazon.","correct":false,"explanation":"This places an additional region ahead of the Congo by mistake. Globally, only the Amazon is larger, making the Congo Basin second largest."}]},{"id":"dd00ac56-5649-4759-b88f-de82e3c88c29","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"If a rainforest is described as a basin, what is it linked to?","back":"Land drained by a river and its tributaries.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Land drained by a river and its tributaries.","correct":true,"explanation":"A drainage basin is the area of land from which a river and all its tributaries collect water, usually bounded by higher land called a watershed."},{"text":"Land surrounding the source of a river.","correct":false,"explanation":"A river’s source is only its starting point, not the surrounding basin. A basin is land drained by a river and its network of tributaries."},{"text":"Land regularly flooded by a river.","correct":false,"explanation":"Land flooded by a river is its floodplain, which forms only part of a river system. A basin includes all land drained by the river and tributaries."},{"text":"Land surrounding the mouth of a river.","correct":false,"explanation":"A river mouth is where a river enters a sea or lake, not the area defining its basin. A basin is drained by a river and its tributaries."}]},{"id":"1cf14a86-6c79-4fdd-ae05-1caf4a8b1b4b","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"Where are the Madagascan rainforests found?","back":"On Madagascar, in the Indian Ocean off east Africa.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"On Madagascar, in the Indian Ocean off east Africa.","correct":true,"explanation":"The Madagascan rainforests are on Madagascar, a large island in the Indian Ocean situated off the eastern coast of mainland Africa."},{"text":"On Sri Lanka, in the Indian Ocean off south India.","correct":false,"explanation":"Sri Lanka is an Indian Ocean island near India, but it does not contain the Madagascan rainforests. These are on Madagascar, off the east coast of Africa."},{"text":"On Borneo, in South East Asia near the equator.","correct":false,"explanation":"Borneo has extensive South East Asian rainforest, but it is not the location of the Madagascan rainforests. Those occur on Madagascar, off eastern Africa."},{"text":"On Cuba, in the Caribbean Sea off North America.","correct":false,"explanation":"Cuba is a Caribbean island and is unrelated to the Madagascan rainforest region. The Madagascan rainforests are found on Madagascar in the Indian Ocean."}]},{"id":"8cca3509-cdac-47ae-bee0-8578c57aedc3","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why is eastern Madagascar especially linked with rainforest?","back":"Moist Indian Ocean air brings high rainfall.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Moist Indian Ocean air brings high rainfall.","correct":true,"explanation":"Moist air arriving from the Indian Ocean rises over eastern Madagascar, cools and condenses, producing the abundant rainfall needed to support tropical rainforest."},{"text":"Dry African continental air brings high rainfall.","correct":false,"explanation":"Dry continental air would restrict precipitation rather than support rainforest. Eastern Madagascar receives high rainfall because moist air arrives from the Indian Ocean."},{"text":"Cold Indian Ocean currents bring high rainfall.","correct":false,"explanation":"Cold ocean currents generally reduce evaporation and rainfall, so they do not explain the rainforest. Moist Indian Ocean air supplies eastern Madagascar with abundant rain."},{"text":"Seasonal offshore winds bring prolonged drought.","correct":false,"explanation":"Seasonal drought would hinder tropical rainforest growth rather than explain its concentration. Eastern Madagascar is especially wet because moist Indian Ocean air brings high rainfall."}]},{"id":"dd148bc1-bfa2-4e9f-aa0e-5ed26e445b3a","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"Name one country with important South East Asian rainforest areas.","back":"Any one: Malaysia, Indonesia or Brunei.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Any one: Malaysia, Indonesia or Brunei.","correct":true,"explanation":"Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei are all South East Asian countries containing important areas of tropical rainforest, particularly on the islands and peninsula near the equator."},{"text":"Any one: Brazil, Peru or Colombia.","correct":false,"explanation":"Brazil, Peru and Colombia contain Amazon rainforest in South America, not South East Asian rainforest. Valid examples include Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei."},{"text":"Any one: DR Congo, Gabon or Cameroon.","correct":false,"explanation":"The Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon and Cameroon contain African rainforest, mainly within the Congo Basin. South East Asian examples are Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei."},{"text":"Any one: India, Pakistan or Bangladesh.","correct":false,"explanation":"India, Pakistan and Bangladesh are in South Asia rather than South East Asia. Countries with important South East Asian rainforest include Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei."}]},{"id":"d52a5dea-ffc2-41ad-b4e9-f307b08d1757","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"Name one island with major rainforest in the South East Asian region.","back":"Any one: Borneo, Sumatra or New Guinea.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Any one: Borneo, Sumatra or New Guinea.","correct":true,"explanation":"Borneo, Sumatra and New Guinea are large equatorial islands in the South East Asian region with major areas of tropical rainforest."},{"text":"Any one: Madagascar, Sri Lanka or Cuba.","correct":false,"explanation":"Madagascar, Sri Lanka and Cuba are islands with tropical environments, but none is one of the major South East Asian rainforest islands specified here."},{"text":"Any one: Greenland, Iceland or Great Britain.","correct":false,"explanation":"Greenland, Iceland and Great Britain lie far from the equatorial South East Asian rainforest region. Correct island examples include Borneo, Sumatra and New Guinea."},{"text":"Any one: Tasmania, New Zealand or Hawaii.","correct":false,"explanation":"Tasmania, New Zealand and Hawaii are Pacific-region islands, but they are not the major South East Asian rainforest islands identified in this topic."}]},{"id":"f6d947b3-e414-48a8-b582-f45e0003ca9b","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Where are the main Australasian tropical rainforest areas in this topic?","back":"Papua New Guinea and north-east Australia.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Papua New Guinea and north-east Australia.","correct":true,"explanation":"Australasia’s main tropical rainforest areas covered here are Papua New Guinea and north-east Australia, both of which have warm, wet tropical climates."},{"text":"Papua New Guinea and south-west Australia.","correct":false,"explanation":"South-west Australia has a Mediterranean climate with dry summers, so it is not a main tropical rainforest area. The correct areas are Papua New Guinea and north-east Australia."},{"text":"New Zealand and north-east Australia.","correct":false,"explanation":"New Zealand has temperate rather than tropical forests, despite being part of Australasia. The main tropical rainforest areas are Papua New Guinea and north-east Australia."},{"text":"Tasmania and central Australia.","correct":false,"explanation":"Tasmania and central Australia do not have tropical rainforest climates; central Australia is especially arid. The main areas are Papua New Guinea and north-east Australia."}]},{"id":"96b702e0-7a98-4228-9bb4-c517947367d1","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why is tropical rainforest not spread across the whole of Australia?","back":"Australia is mostly dry, so rainforest is concentrated in the wetter north-east.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Australia is mostly dry, so rainforest is concentrated in the wetter north-east.","correct":true,"explanation":"Most of Australia receives too little rainfall for tropical rainforest. The wetter north-east has greater rainfall and suitable tropical temperatures, so rainforest is concentrated there."},{"text":"Australia is mostly dry, so rainforest is concentrated in the wetter south-east.","correct":false,"explanation":"Although Australia is mostly dry, the south-east is not the main tropical rainforest region. Tropical rainforest is concentrated in the warm, wetter north-east."},{"text":"Australia is mostly flat, so rainforest is concentrated in the mountainous north-east.","correct":false,"explanation":"Australia’s limited rainforest distribution is primarily caused by low rainfall, not flat relief. Rainforest is concentrated in the wetter north-east rather than simply wherever land is mountainous."},{"text":"Australia is mostly hot, so rainforest is concentrated in the cooler south-west.","correct":false,"explanation":"Heat alone does not prevent rainforest, as tropical rainforests require warm conditions. Australia is mostly too dry, with rainforest concentrated in the wetter north-east."}]}]}],"examCountdown":{"examDate":"2027-05-18","paperLabel":"Paper 1"},"heading":"Distribution of tropical rainforests","title":"Distribution of tropical rainforests Flashcards","topbar":{"backHref":"/gcse/geography/ocr/a/flashcards"},"topicSidebar":"$L38"}]}],"topicId":"cac484f6-3602-5417-96fe-f8fa3299a6ca","walled":"$L39"}],"$L3a","$L3b"]