As part of a geographical fieldwork investigation into the rural-urban fringe, a student seeks to evaluate the perceived visual impact of a new edge-of-town housing development on the local landscape character.
Which one of the following primary data collection methods yields purely qualitative data?
A bipolar environmental quality survey where the aesthetic value is scored from −3-3−3 to +3+3+3 across five specific criteria
A closed-question questionnaire calculating the percentage of local residents who agree, disagree, or remain neutral about the visual impact
Geo-located photographs of the housing development accompanied by descriptive, unstructured field notes of the visual aesthetic
A GIS-based viewshed analysis calculating the total land area (in hectares) from which the development is visible
