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Fossil fuels and nuclear fuels are examples."},{"text":"Renewable energy.","correct":false,"explanation":"This reverses the definition: renewable resources are replenished naturally, whereas finite stores that can eventually run out are called non-renewable energy resources."},{"text":"Perpetual energy.","correct":false,"explanation":"The tempting idea is that finite resources provide continuous energy, but they are exhaustible rather than perpetual. The correct classification for resources that can run out is non-renewable energy."},{"text":"Replenishable energy.","correct":false,"explanation":"Replenishable describes resources that are naturally replaced, so it belongs with renewable energy. Finite stores that can be exhausted are classified as non-renewable energy."}]},{"id":"bf6c0bf3-c9e8-4ca9-bde9-31defac7235f","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"A renewable energy resource is [ ] on a [ ].","back":"A renewable energy resource is naturally replaced on a human timescale.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"A renewable energy resource is naturally replaced on a human timescale.","correct":true,"explanation":"Renewable resources are replaced by natural processes quickly enough to be useful within a human timescale, unlike finite resources that take millions of years to form."},{"text":"A renewable energy resource is naturally replaced on a geological timescale.","correct":false,"explanation":"A geological timescale is too slow for the resource to be considered renewable for people. The correct definition is replacement on a human timescale."},{"text":"A renewable energy resource is artificially produced on a human timescale.","correct":false,"explanation":"Renewability depends on natural replacement, not manufacture by people. The correct wording is naturally replaced on a human timescale."},{"text":"A renewable energy resource is naturally replaced on a finite timescale.","correct":false,"explanation":"Finite describes a limited store, not the timescale over which renewal occurs. The resource must be replaced on a human timescale to be renewable."}]},{"id":"5e4b7a18-8672-4527-b7d3-560a2de2ebfe","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What does HEP use to generate electricity?","back":"Moving water, usually through turbines in a dam.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Moving water, usually through turbines in a dam.","correct":true,"explanation":"HEP uses the movement and height of water to turn turbines. The turbines drive generators, converting the water’s kinetic or potential energy into electricity."},{"text":"Moving air, usually through turbines in a dam.","correct":false,"explanation":"Moving air turns wind turbines, not turbines in a dam. HEP generates electricity from moving water flowing or falling through turbines."},{"text":"Burning fuel, usually through turbines in a dam.","correct":false,"explanation":"Burning fuel produces steam or hot gases for other types of power station, but a dam generates HEP from moving water turning turbines."},{"text":"Sunlight, usually through turbines in a dam.","correct":false,"explanation":"Sunlight generates electricity through photovoltaic cells or can heat fluids in solar thermal systems. HEP instead relies on moving water passing through turbines."}]},{"id":"26209a01-15db-4722-a986-402ee3acc5ac","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"A country’s [ ] is the proportion of different energy sources it uses.","back":"A country’s energy mix is the proportion of different energy sources it uses.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"energy mix","correct":true,"explanation":"A country’s energy mix is the combination and proportion of energy sources it uses, such as coal, gas, nuclear power and renewables."},{"text":"energy demand","correct":false,"explanation":"Energy demand measures how much energy is wanted or consumed, rather than the proportions supplied by different sources. Those proportions form the country’s energy mix."},{"text":"energy surplus","correct":false,"explanation":"An energy surplus means supply exceeds demand; it does not describe the balance between sources. The proportion of different sources is the country’s energy mix."},{"text":"energy intensity","correct":false,"explanation":"Energy intensity compares energy use with economic output or another measure of activity. The term for the proportions of sources used is energy mix."}]},{"id":"032916ca-63a5-4eff-b12a-4790e08b18b0","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why does using an energy mix reduce energy risk?","back":"It avoids dependence on one source.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"It avoids dependence on one source.","correct":true,"explanation":"Using several energy sources spreads supply risk. If one source becomes expensive, unavailable or disrupted, the country can rely more on other parts of its energy mix."},{"text":"It avoids dependence on one country.","correct":false,"explanation":"Several sources can still come from the same country, so this does not describe the main benefit of an energy mix. It avoids dependence on one source."},{"text":"It avoids dependence on one supplier.","correct":false,"explanation":"Using different suppliers may reduce import risk, but an energy mix specifically diversifies types of energy. It avoids dependence on one source."},{"text":"It avoids dependence on one technology.","correct":false,"explanation":"Different technologies may be used within a single energy source, but the key risk reduction comes from diversifying energy sources. The answer is dependence on one source."}]},{"id":"ccf2de00-5892-418c-83f8-48db5e9373a3","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why can natural gas help when electricity demand suddenly rises?","back":"Gas power stations can be switched on quickly.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Gas power stations can be switched on quickly.","correct":true,"explanation":"Gas-fired power stations can respond rapidly when demand rises, helping balance the electricity grid while slower power stations or intermittent renewables cannot immediately provide more power."},{"text":"Gas power stations can be built overnight.","correct":false,"explanation":"Building a power station takes much longer than a sudden demand increase. Gas helps because existing stations can be switched on quickly."},{"text":"Gas power stations can be run without fuel.","correct":false,"explanation":"Gas stations still require a fuel supply and cannot generate electricity without it. Their advantage during sudden peaks is that they can be switched on quickly."},{"text":"Gas power stations can be used only at night.","correct":false,"explanation":"Gas stations can operate at different times, depending on demand. They are useful during sudden increases because they can be switched on quickly."}]},{"id":"5eea2964-7075-4a8a-b71f-00d9c9c46900","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"Wind power is [ ], meaning wind [ ].","back":"Wind power is intermittent, meaning wind does not blow all the time.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Wind power is intermittent, meaning wind does not blow all the time.","correct":true,"explanation":"Wind power is intermittent because wind speed varies and calm periods occur. Electricity generation therefore cannot be guaranteed continuously from wind turbines alone."},{"text":"Wind power is continuous, meaning wind blows at a constant speed.","correct":false,"explanation":"Wind speed is variable rather than constant, so generation is not continuous. The correct description is intermittent, because wind does not blow all the time."},{"text":"Wind power is predictable, meaning wind blows most strongly at night.","correct":false,"explanation":"Wind patterns can be forecast to some extent, but they are not guaranteed at a particular time. Wind power is intermittent because wind does not blow all the time."},{"text":"Wind power is seasonal, meaning wind blows only during winter.","correct":false,"explanation":"Wind can occur in every season, although its strength may vary. The key issue is that wind power is intermittent: wind does not blow all the time."}]},{"id":"35d1f2dd-0a00-4c31-a2c0-98aed6647aa8","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why do oil and natural gas remain important in the UK’s total energy use?","back":"

Oil: transport depends heavily on it.
Gas: many homes use it for heating.

","mcqOptions":[{"text":"

Oil: transport depends heavily on it.
Gas: many homes use it for heating.

","correct":true,"explanation":"Oil remains important because transport relies heavily on petrol and diesel, while gas remains important because many UK homes use it for space and water heating."},{"text":"

Oil: many homes use it for heating.
Gas: transport depends heavily on it.

","correct":false,"explanation":"The two uses have been switched. Transport depends heavily on oil, while many homes use gas for heating, which explains their importance in UK energy use."},{"text":"

Oil: electricity generation depends heavily on it.
Gas: farming depends heavily on it.

","correct":false,"explanation":"These are not the main reasons for their importance in the UK. The correct links are oil with transport and gas with household heating."},{"text":"

Oil: many homes use it for heating.
Gas: industry depends heavily on it for transport.

","correct":false,"explanation":"Oil is not mainly important because most homes heat with it, and gas is not a transport fuel in this explanation. The correct links are oil with transport and gas with heating."}]},{"id":"61425e22-39c5-4963-a9b0-42569a6f3913","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why is the UK electricity mix greener than the total energy mix?","back":"Total energy includes transport fuels and heating, which still use oil and gas.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Total energy includes transport fuels and heating, which still use oil and gas.","correct":true,"explanation":"The total energy mix includes transport and heating, sectors that still depend heavily on oil and gas. Electricity generation has shifted more strongly towards renewables and away from fossil fuels."},{"text":"Total energy excludes transport fuels and heating, which still use oil and gas.","correct":false,"explanation":"Electricity is only one part of total energy use, so this reverses the comparison. Transport and heating still rely on oil and gas, making the total mix less green."},{"text":"Total energy includes transport fuels and heating, which now mainly use renewable energy.","correct":false,"explanation":"Renewables have not replaced all fossil fuels in transport and heating. Those sectors remain part of total energy use and explain why it is less green than electricity."},{"text":"Total energy excludes electricity generation and heating, which still use oil and gas.","correct":false,"explanation":"The UK’s electricity mix is not greener because total energy excludes electricity. Total energy includes electricity as well as oil- and gas-dependent transport and heating."}]},{"id":"35ccdaa8-dbd4-4474-8f9c-bbb4bbcd77db","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"In recent UK electricity generation, renewables often provide [ ], while coal is [ ].","back":"In recent UK electricity generation, renewables often provide 40% or more, while coal is near zero.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"In recent UK electricity generation, renewables often provide 40% or more, while coal is near zero.","correct":true,"explanation":"Recent UK electricity data show renewables supplying around 40% or more in favourable periods, while coal generation has become negligible, often described as near zero."},{"text":"In recent UK electricity generation, renewables often provide 20% or more, while coal is around 10%.","correct":false,"explanation":"This underestimates renewable generation and overstates coal’s role. Renewables often provide 40% or more, whereas coal generation is near zero in recent UK electricity data."},{"text":"In recent UK electricity generation, renewables often provide near zero, while coal is 40% or more.","correct":false,"explanation":"The values are reversed in scale: coal is not the major source, and renewables are not negligible. The correct description is 40% or more for renewables and near zero for coal."},{"text":"In recent UK electricity generation, renewables often provide 60% or more, while coal is around 5%.","correct":false,"explanation":"This uses an older-style estimate for coal and an implausibly high renewable share. Recent figures are better represented by 40% or more renewables and coal near zero."}]},{"id":"95caf990-13ca-4612-922c-fb4e84f3b0f8","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"If coal’s electricity share falls from 40% to 1%, what is the percentage change?","back":"About -98%.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"About -98%.","correct":true,"explanation":"Percentage change is calculated as (new value - original value) ÷ original value × 100. Here, (1 - 40) ÷ 40 × 100 gives about -98%."},{"text":"About -39%.","correct":false,"explanation":"Using the final value as the denominator gives a misleading result. Percentage change must be measured against the original 40%, producing about -98%."},{"text":"About -99%.","correct":false,"explanation":"This treats the fall as almost a complete 100% reduction without calculating the remaining 1% relative to the original 40%. The correct change is about -98%."},{"text":"About -97.5%.","correct":false,"explanation":"This is close but results from rounding or subtracting the values without dividing accurately by the original share. The percentage change from 40% to 1% is about -98%."}]},{"id":"fab6bbd5-0c1b-4798-b021-8384a320cee9","cardType":"basic","points":3,"front":"Name three big factors that shape a country’s energy mix.","back":"

Population.
Wealth.
Availability of resources.

","mcqOptions":[{"text":"

Population.
Wealth.
Availability of resources.

","correct":true,"explanation":"Population, wealth and resource availability are major influences on energy demand and supply. They help explain why countries develop different energy mixes."},{"text":"

Tourism.
Language.
Coastline length.

","correct":false,"explanation":"These features may affect some industries, but they are not the standard broad factors used to explain national energy mixes. Population, wealth and resource availability are the key factors here."},{"text":"

Rainfall.
Relief.
Population density.

","correct":false,"explanation":"These are physical or social characteristics, but they do not form the main three-factor explanation for a country’s energy mix. The expected factors are population, wealth and resource availability."},{"text":"

Major languages.
Border length.
Number of cities.

","correct":false,"explanation":"These factors can influence particular decisions, but they are not the broad determinants requested. Energy mixes are chiefly shaped by population, wealth and available resources."}]},{"id":"d169a62f-5de8-45f5-b960-bf45a9645e30","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"How has population growth increased global energy demand?","back":"More people need heating, electricity, transport and goods.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"More people need heating, electricity, transport and goods.","correct":true,"explanation":"A larger population creates more households and consumers, so demand rises for heating, electricity, transport and manufactured goods across the global economy."},{"text":"More people need less heating, electricity, transport and goods.","correct":false,"explanation":"Population growth increases, rather than reduces, overall energy demand. More people require heating, electricity, transport and goods, even if individual consumption varies."},{"text":"More people need fewer heating, electricity, transport and goods.","correct":false,"explanation":"Population growth does not mainly reduce the number of energy users. It adds people who need heating, electricity, transport and goods, increasing total demand."},{"text":"More people need transport and goods but not heating or electricity.","correct":false,"explanation":"Population growth affects more than transport and does not remove the need for other services. The broad increase includes heating, electricity, transport and goods."}]},{"id":"2255cd5f-9058-4aa2-815e-d29d520b6ad9","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"How does rising wealth increase energy demand?","back":"It raises car ownership, air travel, heating, cooling and appliance use.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"It raises car ownership, air travel, heating, cooling and appliance use.","correct":true,"explanation":"Higher wealth enables households to buy and use more energy-intensive goods and services, including cars, flights, heating, cooling and electrical appliances."},{"text":"It lowers car ownership, air travel, heating, cooling and appliance use.","correct":false,"explanation":"Rising wealth generally increases access to energy-intensive services rather than reducing them. Car ownership, air travel, heating, cooling and appliance use tend to rise."},{"text":"It raises car ownership and air travel but lowers heating, cooling and appliance use.","correct":false,"explanation":"Wealth affects more than transport and does not necessarily reduce household energy use. Greater affluence usually increases car ownership, flights, heating, cooling and appliance use."},{"text":"It lowers car ownership and air travel but raises heating, cooling and appliance use.","correct":false,"explanation":"This reverses the relationship for transport and appliances. Rising wealth usually allows greater ownership and use of cars, flights, heating, cooling systems and appliances."}]},{"id":"21e14213-8452-43a8-a4df-5d9526e8386e","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why does coal create serious environmental issues?","back":"Mining damages landscapes; burning releases CO₂ and air pollution.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Mining damages landscapes; burning releases CO₂ and air pollution.","correct":true,"explanation":"Coal extraction can damage landscapes through mining, while combustion releases carbon dioxide and harmful air pollutants. These impacts make coal a serious environmental concern."},{"text":"Mining improves landscapes; burning releases CO₂ and clean air.","correct":false,"explanation":"Coal mining does not improve landscapes; it can remove vegetation and reshape land. Burning coal releases CO₂ and air pollution, rather than clean air."},{"text":"Mining protects landscapes; burning releases oxygen and air pollution.","correct":false,"explanation":"The effects have been reversed: mining is associated with landscape damage, while burning coal creates emissions and air pollution rather than avoiding them."},{"text":"Mining damages water supplies; burning releases CO₂ and no air pollution.","correct":false,"explanation":"Coal mining can pollute water as well as damage land, but burning does not remove CO₂. The key impacts here are landscape damage and CO₂ plus air pollution."}]},{"id":"c9af4a7a-7515-4cdd-aa19-d8cf4ba05a26","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"Fracking extracts [ ] by pumping water, sand and chemicals underground at [ ].","back":"Fracking extracts shale gas by pumping water, sand and chemicals underground at high pressure.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Fracking extracts shale gas by pumping water, sand and chemicals underground at high pressure.","correct":true,"explanation":"Fracking releases gas trapped in shale rock by injecting a mixture underground at high pressure. The pressure creates fractures through which the shale gas can flow."},{"text":"Fracking extracts coal by pumping water, sand and chemicals underground at high pressure.","correct":false,"explanation":"Fracking is associated with extracting shale gas, not coal, and the fluid must be injected at high pressure to fracture the rock and release it."},{"text":"Fracking extracts shale gas by pumping water, sand and chemicals underground at low pressure.","correct":false,"explanation":"The resource is correctly identified as shale gas, but low pressure would not create the fractures needed for extraction. High pressure is the defining process condition."},{"text":"Fracking extracts crude oil by pumping water, sand and chemicals underground at high pressure.","correct":false,"explanation":"Fracking does not primarily extract oil, and the process depends on high-pressure injection. The expected resource is shale gas, released from fractured shale rock."}]},{"id":"36276137-08c5-41d3-aba6-d626def7e1a3","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"How can fracking help with short-term energy shortages?","back":"It increases domestic shale gas supply.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"It increases domestic shale gas supply.","correct":true,"explanation":"Fracking extracts shale gas from impermeable rock, increasing the amount of gas available from domestic sources and helping to cover energy demand during short-term shortages."},{"text":"It increases domestic coal supply.","correct":false,"explanation":"Fracking extracts shale gas, not coal. The correct answer is increased domestic shale gas supply, although burning either fuel still produces greenhouse gas emissions."},{"text":"It reduces domestic electricity demand.","correct":false,"explanation":"Fracking increases gas supply rather than directly reducing electricity demand. Its short-term benefit comes from adding domestic shale gas to the energy mix."},{"text":"It increases domestic renewable energy supply.","correct":false,"explanation":"Shale gas is a fossil fuel, so fracking cannot increase renewable energy supply. It increases domestic shale gas supply to help meet demand temporarily."}]},{"id":"bf4d4cbb-9706-4d1c-82ab-82d7edcf67a3","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why is fracking not a long-term sustainability fix?","back":"Shale gas is still a fossil fuel, so emissions must still fall.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Shale gas is still a fossil fuel, so emissions must still fall.","correct":true,"explanation":"Shale gas releases greenhouse gases when used and extraction can also cause methane leakage. Long-term sustainability therefore requires emissions to fall, not simply a change in fossil fuel source."},{"text":"Shale gas is still a renewable resource, so emissions must still fall.","correct":false,"explanation":"Shale gas forms over geological timescales and is therefore non-renewable. The correct answer identifies it as a fossil fuel whose emissions must still be reduced."},{"text":"Shale gas is still a fossil fuel, so energy demand must still fall.","correct":false,"explanation":"The key sustainability problem is greenhouse gas emissions, not energy demand itself. Shale gas remains a fossil fuel, so emissions must still fall to meet climate targets."},{"text":"Shale gas is still a low-carbon technology, so emissions must still fall.","correct":false,"explanation":"Shale gas generally has lower emissions than coal when burned, but it is not a low-carbon technology. It remains a fossil fuel, so emissions must still fall."}]},{"id":"98423f8b-52fd-4818-a383-1bf4f60e1fa8","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"Sustainable management meets [ ] without damaging [ ] to meet theirs.","back":"Sustainable management meets present needs without damaging future generations' ability to meet theirs.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Sustainable management meets present needs without damaging future generations' ability to meet theirs.","correct":true,"explanation":"This definition balances the needs of people today with those of people in the future, ensuring that current resource use does not remove future generations' opportunities."},{"text":"Sustainable management meets future needs without damaging present generations' ability to meet theirs.","correct":false,"explanation":"Sustainability must address present needs as well as future needs. The correct definition meets present needs without damaging future generations' ability to meet theirs."},{"text":"Sustainable management meets present needs without damaging future generations' resources to meet theirs.","correct":false,"explanation":"The definition focuses on protecting future generations' ability to meet their needs, rather than only protecting their resources. Both present needs and future opportunities must be considered."},{"text":"Sustainable management meets economic needs without damaging future generations' ability to meet theirs.","correct":false,"explanation":"Economic needs are only one part of sustainable management. The established definition refers to present needs generally, while protecting future generations' ability to meet theirs."}]},{"id":"28e9c650-379c-4cb2-9f23-79f08973f859","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"A carbon footprint is total [ ], usually measured in [ ].","back":"A carbon footprint is total greenhouse gas emissions, usually measured in tonnes of CO₂e per year.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"A carbon footprint is total greenhouse gas emissions, usually measured in tonnes of CO₂e per year.","correct":true,"explanation":"A carbon footprint includes greenhouse gases from an activity, product or person. They are converted into carbon dioxide equivalents and commonly reported as tonnes per year."},{"text":"A carbon footprint is total carbon dioxide emissions, usually measured in kilograms of CO₂ per day.","correct":false,"explanation":"Carbon footprints include several greenhouse gases, not only carbon dioxide, and are commonly expressed as tonnes of CO₂e per year. The distractor uses the wrong scope and units."},{"text":"A carbon footprint is total greenhouse gas emissions, usually measured in litres of fuel per year.","correct":false,"explanation":"Fuel volume measures consumption, not the resulting climate impact. Greenhouse gas emissions are converted into carbon dioxide equivalents and usually measured in tonnes per year."},{"text":"A carbon footprint is total energy consumption, usually measured in tonnes of CO₂e per year.","correct":false,"explanation":"Energy consumption is related to a carbon footprint but is not the footprint itself. The correct first term is greenhouse gas emissions, measured in tonnes of CO₂e per year."}]},{"id":"cd636869-8a4d-48dd-bb06-072358b4e184","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"At what scale are home insulation, LED lighting and rooftop solar used?","back":"Local sustainable energy management.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Local sustainable energy management.","correct":true,"explanation":"Insulating homes, installing LED lighting and using rooftop solar are actions taken at household or community level, so they represent local sustainable energy management."},{"text":"National sustainable energy management.","correct":false,"explanation":"National management involves policies and targets across the whole country. Household insulation, LED lighting and rooftop solar are primarily examples of local sustainable energy management."},{"text":"Global sustainable energy management.","correct":false,"explanation":"Global management coordinates energy and emissions policies between countries. The listed household technologies operate mainly at a local scale."},{"text":"International sustainable energy management.","correct":false,"explanation":"International management concerns cooperation between nations, such as climate agreements. Home insulation, LED lighting and rooftop solar are used as local actions."}]},{"id":"d6b73219-b358-42aa-8589-a3525d45d602","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why do renewable resources still need sustainable management?","back":"Dams, turbines, solar farms and cables can affect communities and ecosystems.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Dams, turbines, solar farms and cables can affect communities and ecosystems.","correct":true,"explanation":"Renewable technologies have environmental and social impacts despite producing replenishable energy. Construction and operation can alter habitats, landscapes, land use and the lives of nearby communities."},{"text":"Dams, turbines, solar farms and cables can affect fossil fuels and minerals.","correct":false,"explanation":"These technologies may require minerals, but their main management concerns are their effects on people and natural habitats. The correct answer is communities and ecosystems."},{"text":"Dams, turbines, solar farms and cables can affect weather systems and climates.","correct":false,"explanation":"Renewable infrastructure can have local environmental effects, but it does not normally control weather systems or climates. Sustainable management considers communities and ecosystems."},{"text":"Dams, turbines, solar farms and cables can affect energy prices and imports.","correct":false,"explanation":"Renewables may influence prices and imports, but the reason they need sustainable management is their potential impact on communities and ecosystems."}]},{"id":"c95dd05c-88a1-45cc-ad95-4e4f139724f7","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What legal greenhouse gas target has the UK set?","back":"Net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050.","correct":true,"explanation":"The UK has a legally binding target to reach net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, meaning remaining emissions must be balanced by removals from the atmosphere."},{"text":"Net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2030.","correct":false,"explanation":"2030 is an important interim period for reducing emissions, but it is not the UK's legally binding net zero deadline. The target year is 2050."},{"text":"Zero carbon dioxide emissions by 2050.","correct":false,"explanation":"The target covers all greenhouse gases, not only carbon dioxide. It is net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, allowing limited residual emissions to be balanced."},{"text":"Net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2060.","correct":false,"explanation":"The UK's legally binding target is earlier than 2060. It aims for net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050."}]},{"id":"83602e5e-64f4-485a-8f9b-ca28eb3b0837","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"Which renewable resource has Kenya invested in in the Rift Valley?","back":"Geothermal power.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Geothermal power.","correct":true,"explanation":"Kenya has invested in geothermal power in the Rift Valley, where tectonic activity provides accessible underground heat for generating electricity."},{"text":"Wave power.","correct":false,"explanation":"Wave power depends on ocean waves and is more suitable for coastal locations. Kenya's Rift Valley investment uses underground heat, making geothermal power the correct answer."},{"text":"Tidal power.","correct":false,"explanation":"Tidal power relies on the movement of seawater, whereas the Rift Valley is an inland tectonically active area suited to geothermal power."},{"text":"Biomass power.","correct":false,"explanation":"Biomass uses organic material such as crops or waste. Kenya's Rift Valley is notable for exploiting underground geothermal heat rather than biomass."}]}]}],"examCountdown":{"examDate":"2027-05-18","paperLabel":"Paper 1"},"heading":"Energy resource management","title":"Energy resource management Flashcards","topbar":{"backHref":"/gcse/geography/edexcel/a/flashcards"},"topicSidebar":"$L38"}]}],"topicId":"fbd1ad01-d625-52ed-b917-0a3d6b707438","walled":"$L39"}],"$L3a","$L3b"]