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It is a factor of production alongside land, capital and enterprise."},{"text":"Capital.","correct":false,"explanation":"Capital means man-made resources such as machinery and buildings, not human effort. The factor of production describing human effort is Labour."},{"text":"Enterprise.","correct":false,"explanation":"Enterprise is the ability to organise production and take business risks, rather than the effort provided by workers. Human effort is called Labour."},{"text":"Land.","correct":false,"explanation":"Land includes natural resources used in production, such as farmland and raw materials. It does not mean workers’ human effort, which is Labour."}]},{"id":"e85298eb-aad6-4ce1-8612-8b6b73d58727","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"In the labour market, workers [ ] and employers [ ].","back":"In the labour market, workers supply labour and employers demand labour.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"In the labour market, workers supply labour and employers demand labour.","correct":true,"explanation":"Workers provide their labour to firms, so they supply labour. Employers want to hire workers, so they demand labour in the labour market."},{"text":"In the labour market, workers demand labour and employers supply labour.","correct":false,"explanation":"Workers supply labour rather than demand it, while employers demand labour rather than supply it. The correct relationship reverses the two market roles."},{"text":"In the labour market, workers supply goods and employers demand labour.","correct":false,"explanation":"Employers do not supply labour because they hire workers to provide it. Workers supply labour and employers demand labour, so both roles are reversed here."},{"text":"In the labour market, workers supply labour and employers demand goods.","correct":false,"explanation":"Employers demand labour, not goods, when deciding how many workers to hire. Workers supply labour, so the first term is also incorrect in this sentence."}]},{"id":"557b416e-e37b-4f69-bdb8-a595da3122cc","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"In the labour market, what is the price of labour called?","back":"The wage rate.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"The wage rate.","correct":true,"explanation":"The wage rate is the price paid for labour. It is determined in the labour market by the interaction of the demand for and supply of workers."},{"text":"The interest rate.","correct":false,"explanation":"The interest rate is the price of borrowing money or the return on savings, not the price of workers’ labour. Labour is paid through the wage rate."},{"text":"The profit rate.","correct":false,"explanation":"The profit rate refers to the return earned by a business, not the payment made to workers. The price of labour is called the wage rate."},{"text":"The rental rate.","correct":false,"explanation":"The rental rate is associated with hiring property or capital assets, rather than employing workers. The labour market price is the wage rate."}]},{"id":"a52c7cdb-80d6-47ad-805e-ec6cde8b3291","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why does demand for labour usually slope downwards?","back":"Lower wages make labour cheaper, so employers hire more.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Lower wages make labour cheaper, so employers hire more.","correct":true,"explanation":"Lower wages reduce firms’ labour costs, making it profitable to employ more workers. Therefore, as the wage falls, the quantity of labour demanded usually rises."},{"text":"Higher wages make labour cheaper, so employers hire more.","correct":false,"explanation":"Higher wages make labour more expensive, so firms generally reduce the quantity of labour demanded. Lower wages make labour cheaper and encourage employers to hire more."},{"text":"Lower wages make labour cheaper, so employers hire fewer.","correct":false,"explanation":"Lower wages do make labour cheaper, but they usually reduce workers’ willingness to supply labour rather than directly explaining employers’ demand. The demand relationship is that employers hire more."},{"text":"Lower wages make labour more expensive, so employers hire more.","correct":false,"explanation":"The claim that lower wages make labour more expensive reverses the cost relationship. Lower wages reduce firms’ costs, so employers can afford to hire more workers."}]},{"id":"82e296fd-a734-4d56-ad0c-8d14ae65b5dd","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"Demand for labour is [ ] because it comes from demand for the [ ] workers help produce.","back":"Demand for labour is derived demand because it comes from demand for the goods or services workers help produce.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Demand for labour is derived demand because it comes from demand for the goods or services workers help produce.","correct":true,"explanation":"Demand for labour is derived demand because firms want workers mainly to produce goods or services that consumers and other businesses demand."},{"text":"Demand for labour is direct demand because it comes from demand for the goods or services workers help produce.","correct":false,"explanation":"Demand for labour is not direct demand: firms hire workers because labour helps produce output that is demanded. The correct term is derived demand for goods or services."},{"text":"Demand for labour is derived demand because it comes from demand for the workers workers help produce.","correct":false,"explanation":"Labour demand is derived from demand for the output workers produce, not from demand for the workers themselves as a final product. The correct output is goods or services."},{"text":"Demand for labour is derived demand because it comes from demand for the capital workers help produce.","correct":false,"explanation":"Demand for labour is derived demand, but it is linked to demand for the goods or services workers produce, not to capital used alongside them."}]},{"id":"5eee8fd5-dfa6-450e-bece-e038f6bb9afe","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"Labour supply usually slopes [ ] because higher wages increase the [ ] from working.","back":"Labour supply usually slopes upwards because higher wages increase the reward from working.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Labour supply usually slopes upwards because higher wages increase the reward from working.","correct":true,"explanation":"Higher wages increase the financial reward from working, encouraging more people to offer their labour. This gives labour supply its usual upward slope."},{"text":"Labour supply usually slopes downwards because higher wages increase the reward from working.","correct":false,"explanation":"Higher wages generally encourage more labour to be supplied, so the usual labour-supply curve slopes upwards. The financial reward, not the cost, increases with wages."},{"text":"Labour supply usually slopes upwards because higher wages increase the opportunity cost from working.","correct":false,"explanation":"Labour supply usually slopes upwards, and higher wages increase the reward from working. The opportunity cost describes what is given up, not the direct incentive stated here."},{"text":"Labour supply usually slopes horizontally because higher wages increase the reward from working.","correct":false,"explanation":"Higher wages usually increase the reward from working, encouraging labour supply to rise. They do not usually make the supply curve horizontal, since supplied labour changes with wages."}]},{"id":"ac5281ef-8305-4cf6-b936-a1842cfe4ae9","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"At the equilibrium wage, how does labour supply compare with labour demand?","back":"Supply equals demand.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Supply equals demand.","correct":true,"explanation":"Equilibrium occurs where the labour supply curve and labour demand curve intersect. At this wage, the quantity of labour supplied exactly matches the quantity demanded."},{"text":"Supply exceeds demand.","correct":false,"explanation":"If supply exceeds demand, there is a surplus of labour and downward pressure on wages. Equality between supply and demand defines the equilibrium wage."},{"text":"Demand exceeds supply.","correct":false,"explanation":"If demand exceeds supply, firms compete for scarce workers and wages tend to rise. At equilibrium, supply equals demand instead."},{"text":"Supply is unrelated to demand.","correct":false,"explanation":"Equilibrium does not require supply and demand to be unrelated. It is specifically the point where the quantity of labour supplied equals the quantity demanded."}]},{"id":"72a3cbd3-95c8-4d0b-9dcf-977092748bcb","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"If labour demand shifts right while supply stays the same, what happens to wages and employment?","back":"

Wages rise.
Employment rises.

","mcqOptions":[{"text":"

Wages rise.
Employment rises.

","correct":true,"explanation":"A rightward shift in labour demand means firms want more workers at each wage. With supply unchanged, competition for labour raises wages and increases equilibrium employment."},{"text":"

Wages rise.
Employment falls.

","correct":false,"explanation":"Higher labour demand raises both the equilibrium wage and the number of workers employed when supply is unchanged. Employment therefore does not fall after a rightward demand shift."},{"text":"

Wages fall.
Employment rises.

","correct":false,"explanation":"A rightward demand shift creates upward pressure on wages, not downward pressure, and increases equilibrium employment with an upward-sloping supply curve."},{"text":"

Wages fall.
Employment falls.

","correct":false,"explanation":"A rightward shift in demand increases the equilibrium wage and employment. Falling wages and employment would instead be associated with weaker labour demand."}]},{"id":"12489259-edad-49e8-93a5-ae5c28bd0256","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"After labour demand rises, what situation may exist at the old wage?","back":"A shortage of suitable workers.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"A shortage of suitable workers.","correct":true,"explanation":"Higher labour demand means firms want to employ more workers at the old wage than are willing and able to work, creating a shortage."},{"text":"A surplus of suitable workers.","correct":false,"explanation":"A surplus occurs when labour supply exceeds labour demand. Following an increase in demand, the old wage instead leaves a shortage of suitable workers."},{"text":"An equilibrium of suitable workers.","correct":false,"explanation":"The market was initially balanced, but increased labour demand disrupts that equilibrium. At the old wage, firms now face a shortage of suitable workers."},{"text":"An excess supply of suitable workers.","correct":false,"explanation":"Excess supply means more people seek work than firms wish to employ. A rise in labour demand instead produces a shortage at the old wage."}]},{"id":"41f9e009-a075-4d73-b398-6e3ddf81d395","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"A wage-rate change causes a movement [ ] a labour curve; a non-wage factor causes the curve to [ ].","back":"A wage-rate change causes a movement along a labour curve; a non-wage factor causes the curve to shift.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"A wage-rate change causes a movement along a labour curve; a non-wage factor causes the curve to shift.","correct":true,"explanation":"A wage-rate change alters the quantity of labour demanded or supplied, producing movement along a curve. A non-wage determinant changes demand or supply itself, shifting the curve."},{"text":"A wage-rate change causes a movement across a labour curve; a non-wage factor causes the curve to rotate.","correct":false,"explanation":"This confuses movement with a change in the curve’s position. Wage changes cause movement along the existing curve, while non-wage factors shift the entire curve."},{"text":"A wage-rate change causes a movement away from a labour curve; a non-wage factor causes the curve to contract.","correct":false,"explanation":"A wage change does not move labour demand or supply away from its curve, and a non-wage change need not reduce it. The correct terms are along and shift."},{"text":"A wage-rate change causes a movement of a labour curve; a non-wage factor causes the curve to remain unchanged.","correct":false,"explanation":"This reverses the distinction between changing quantity and changing demand or supply. Wage changes cause movement along a curve; non-wage factors make the curve shift."}]},{"id":"93037dce-2bc0-4a83-833e-cbdc755706a8","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"What happens to labour demand if workers become more productive?","back":"Demand may increase because workers are more valuable.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Demand may increase because workers are more valuable.","correct":true,"explanation":"More productive workers produce greater output per hour, increasing the revenue they can generate for firms. Their value rises, so firms may demand more labour."},{"text":"Demand may decrease because workers are less valuable.","correct":false,"explanation":"Higher productivity does not inherently make workers less valuable. It raises their potential output and revenue contribution, so labour demand may increase rather than decrease."},{"text":"Demand may stay unchanged because productivity affects only supply.","correct":false,"explanation":"Productivity is an important non-wage determinant of labour demand, not merely labour supply. More productive workers are more valuable, so demand may increase."},{"text":"Supply may increase because workers are more efficient.","correct":false,"explanation":"The question concerns firms’ demand for workers, not workers’ willingness to offer labour. Greater productivity can increase labour demand because each worker becomes more valuable."}]},{"id":"57791ce3-10e9-4a2c-9988-1c28b84a47bb","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"Technology may reduce demand for some [ ] but increase demand for workers with [ ].","back":"Technology may reduce demand for some routine jobs but increase demand for workers with digital or technical skills.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Technology may reduce demand for some routine jobs but increase demand for workers with digital or technical skills.","correct":true,"explanation":"Automation can perform repetitive, predictable tasks previously done in routine jobs. However, adopting and maintaining technology raises demand for workers with digital or technical skills."},{"text":"Technology may reduce demand for some creative jobs but increase demand for workers with manual strength.","correct":false,"explanation":"Technology is more likely to complement creative work than replace it, while modern systems require technical rather than purely physical abilities. Routine jobs are most vulnerable."},{"text":"Technology may reduce demand for some routine jobs but increase demand for workers with fewer digital or technical skills.","correct":false,"explanation":"Although automation can reduce routine employment, it normally raises demand for greater digital and technical competence, not for workers possessing fewer of those skills."},{"text":"Technology may reduce demand for some specialist technical jobs but increase demand for workers with digital or technical skills.","correct":false,"explanation":"This reverses which workers technology tends to replace and complement. Routine jobs may decline, while workers who possess digital or technical skills become more sought after."}]},{"id":"88b6f6fc-334b-4a88-b6b0-ee6617e61fa9","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What effect can more training have on the supply of qualified workers?","back":"It can increase supply of qualified workers.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"It can increase supply of qualified workers.","correct":true,"explanation":"Training enables more people to gain the qualifications and skills required for an occupation. This increases the number willing and able to work in it."},{"text":"It can decrease supply of qualified workers.","correct":false,"explanation":"Training creates more workers with the necessary qualifications rather than removing them from the market. It can therefore increase the supply of qualified workers."},{"text":"It can leave supply unchanged for qualified workers.","correct":false,"explanation":"This overlooks training as a non-wage determinant of labour supply. By helping people meet entry requirements, more training can increase the supply of qualified workers."},{"text":"It can reduce demand for qualified workers.","correct":false,"explanation":"Training affects the number of suitably skilled workers available, which is labour supply. It can increase supply rather than reduce employers’ demand for qualified workers."}]},{"id":"cf3d3c7c-0491-456d-8709-9bf06480f624","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What effect can a larger working-age population have on labour supply?","back":"It can increase labour supply.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"It can increase labour supply.","correct":true,"explanation":"A larger working-age population means more people are potentially available for employment. Other things equal, this can increase the economy’s labour supply."},{"text":"It can decrease labour supply.","correct":false,"explanation":"A larger working-age population expands the pool of potential workers rather than shrinking it. It can therefore increase, not decrease, labour supply."},{"text":"It can leave labour supply unchanged.","correct":false,"explanation":"Population size is a non-wage determinant of labour supply. Increasing the working-age population can expand the number of people available for work, so supply need not remain unchanged."},{"text":"It can increase labour demand.","correct":false,"explanation":"The working-age population directly affects the potential supply of workers, not firms’ demand for them. A larger population can increase labour supply."}]},{"id":"2bab16fe-663e-4a28-b10b-dfe7cdfd645c","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"How can safer workplaces or flexible hours affect labour supply?","back":"They can increase supply by attracting more workers.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"They can increase supply by attracting more workers.","correct":true,"explanation":"Safer conditions and flexible hours make jobs more attractive and accessible. More people may therefore become willing and able to work, increasing labour supply."},{"text":"They can decrease supply by discouraging more workers.","correct":false,"explanation":"Improved conditions generally make employment more attractive rather than driving workers away. Safer workplaces and flexible hours can therefore increase labour supply."},{"text":"They can leave supply unchanged by retaining current workers.","correct":false,"explanation":"Non-wage job characteristics influence workers’ willingness to take jobs. Safer conditions and flexible schedules can attract workers, so labour supply may increase rather than remain fixed."},{"text":"They can increase demand by attracting more workers.","correct":false,"explanation":"Safer workplaces and flexible hours primarily influence workers’ willingness to offer labour, not firms’ willingness to hire. They can increase supply by attracting workers."}]},{"id":"10038646-f029-4fe0-b918-b8483c517f54","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"If wages rise in another occupation, what may happen to supply in the current occupation?","back":"It may fall as workers switch jobs.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"It may fall as workers switch jobs.","correct":true,"explanation":"Workers may leave the current occupation to obtain the higher wage available elsewhere. This reduces the number offering their labour in the current occupation."},{"text":"It may rise as workers switch jobs.","correct":false,"explanation":"Higher pay in another occupation attracts workers away from the current one rather than into it. Supply in the current occupation may therefore fall."},{"text":"It may stay unchanged as workers keep their jobs.","correct":false,"explanation":"Wages in alternative occupations affect the opportunity cost of remaining in the current job. If another occupation pays more, workers may switch, causing current supply to fall."},{"text":"It may increase as workers seek higher wages.","correct":false,"explanation":"The movement of workers between occupations changes labour supply, not employers’ demand. Supply in the current occupation may fall as workers pursue higher wages elsewhere."}]},{"id":"24adca3d-a4ed-4bdb-90a8-f766a951fc88","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"[ ] is earned before deductions; [ ] is received after deductions.","back":"Gross pay is earned before deductions; net pay is received after deductions.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Gross pay is earned before deductions; net pay is received after deductions.","correct":true,"explanation":"Gross pay is the worker’s total earnings before tax and other deductions are removed, while net pay is the amount the worker actually receives afterwards."},{"text":"Net pay is earned before deductions; gross pay is received after deductions.","correct":false,"explanation":"This reverses the two terms. Gross pay is earned before deductions are taken, whereas net pay is the amount received after those deductions."},{"text":"Disposable income is earned before deductions; gross pay is received after deductions.","correct":false,"explanation":"Disposable income is income remaining after taxes and essential spending, not earnings before deductions. Gross pay comes before deductions and net pay is received afterwards."},{"text":"Taxable pay is earned before deductions; gross pay is received after deductions.","correct":false,"explanation":"Taxable pay is the portion of earnings on which tax is calculated, not the amount received. Gross pay precedes deductions, while net pay follows them."}]},{"id":"82bcaf7f-b55a-4313-b67d-51161a1a3706","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"Net pay = [ ] - [ ].","back":"Net pay = gross pay - total deductions.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Net pay = gross pay - total deductions.","correct":true,"explanation":"Net pay is calculated by subtracting all deductions, such as Income Tax and National Insurance, from the worker’s gross pay."},{"text":"Net pay = gross pay + total deductions.","correct":false,"explanation":"Adding deductions would produce an amount greater than gross pay. Deductions must be subtracted, so net pay equals gross pay minus total deductions."},{"text":"Net pay = total deductions - gross pay.","correct":false,"explanation":"This subtraction is in the wrong order and could produce a negative value. Net pay is found by subtracting total deductions from gross pay."},{"text":"Net pay = basic pay - total deductions.","correct":false,"explanation":"Basic pay may exclude overtime, bonuses and other earnings included in gross pay. Net pay is therefore calculated using gross pay minus total deductions."}]},{"id":"18afc380-9f67-45f5-9429-cb28ac08e228","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"Which deduction is a tax on income paid to the government?","back":"Income tax.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Income tax.","correct":true,"explanation":"Income Tax is deducted from taxable earnings and paid to the government, helping finance public spending on services and other government activities."},{"text":"National Insurance.","correct":false,"explanation":"National Insurance is a separate payroll deduction associated with eligibility for certain state benefits. The tax charged directly on income is Income Tax."},{"text":"Pension contributions.","correct":false,"explanation":"A pension contribution puts money towards retirement income rather than paying a tax on current income to the government. The required deduction is Income Tax."},{"text":"Student loan repayments.","correct":false,"explanation":"A student loan repayment repays borrowed education funding and is not itself a tax on income. The government tax deducted from earnings is Income Tax."}]},{"id":"d08fd5e1-b490-453e-a94d-4a89699b4172","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"Which deduction helps fund state benefits and services?","back":"National Insurance.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"National Insurance.","correct":true,"explanation":"National Insurance contributions help fund and establish entitlement to state benefits and services, including the State Pension and some unemployment-related benefits."},{"text":"Pension contributions.","correct":false,"explanation":"Pension contributions are generally invested or saved to provide the worker with retirement income. National Insurance helps fund state benefits and services."},{"text":"Trade union subscriptions.","correct":false,"explanation":"Trade union subscriptions pay for union membership and representation rather than state provision. National Insurance is the deduction linked to funding state benefits and services."},{"text":"Student loan repayments.","correct":false,"explanation":"Student loan repayments reduce a graduate’s outstanding loan balance rather than funding general state benefits. National Insurance is the relevant payroll deduction."}]},{"id":"a2099b65-57dd-484d-8366-d5524386bfdb","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What is pension contribution money saved for?","back":"Income in retirement.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Income in retirement.","correct":true,"explanation":"Pension contributions are saved or invested during a person’s working life to provide an income after they retire from employment."},{"text":"Current household spending.","correct":false,"explanation":"Pension contributions are intended for future retirement rather than immediate household costs. They are saved or invested to provide income in retirement."},{"text":"Pay during holidays.","correct":false,"explanation":"Holiday pay is employment income paid during annual leave and is not the purpose of pension saving. Pension contributions provide income in retirement."},{"text":"Benefits during unemployment.","correct":false,"explanation":"Unemployment benefits are state support for eligible people without work, not the purpose of an individual’s pension fund. Pension contributions provide income in retirement."}]},{"id":"a54e3a4c-3924-4db3-b139-1c3019dce85c","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"If each deduction is a percentage of gross pay, what amount should each percentage use?","back":"Gross pay.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Gross pay.","correct":true,"explanation":"When every deduction is stated as a percentage of gross pay, each cash deduction is calculated by multiplying that percentage by the gross pay."},{"text":"Net pay.","correct":false,"explanation":"Net pay is only known after the deductions have been calculated and removed. Each stated percentage must therefore be applied to gross pay."},{"text":"Total deductions.","correct":false,"explanation":"Total deductions are the result of adding the individual deductions, not the base used to calculate them. Each percentage should use gross pay."},{"text":"Basic pay.","correct":false,"explanation":"Basic pay may exclude overtime, bonuses or other earnings included in the stated gross amount. The deduction percentages should each be applied to gross pay."}]},{"id":"1f94fdcf-2423-4d7f-bfbb-d8c4627170da","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"A worker earns £15 per hour for 40 hours. What is gross pay?","back":"£600.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"£600.","correct":true,"explanation":"Gross pay equals the hourly wage multiplied by hours worked: $£15 \\times 40 = £600$, before any deductions are taken."},{"text":"£55.","correct":false,"explanation":"Adding the hourly rate to the hours confuses two different units. Gross pay requires multiplication: $£15 \\times 40 = £600$."},{"text":"£60.","correct":false,"explanation":"This drops a zero when multiplying by 40. Since $15 \\times 4 = 60$, multiplying by 40 gives $£600$, not £60."},{"text":"£900.","correct":false,"explanation":"This incorrectly applies time-and-a-half pay to every hour despite no overtime rate being stated. At £15 for 40 hours, gross pay is £600."}]},{"id":"4eaa0fb0-0334-44ff-98da-7b76554acf53","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"Deductions are £72, £48 and £30. What are total deductions?","back":"£150.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"£150.","correct":true,"explanation":"Total deductions are found by adding all three amounts: $£72 + £48 + £30 = £150$."},{"text":"£120.","correct":false,"explanation":"This includes only £72 and £48, omitting the £30 deduction. Adding all three amounts gives total deductions of £150."},{"text":"£90.","correct":false,"explanation":"This subtracts the £30 deduction after adding £72 and £48. All deductions must be added, giving $£72 + £48 + £30 = £150$."},{"text":"£180.","correct":false,"explanation":"This effectively counts the £30 deduction twice. Each deduction should be included once, so $£72 + £48 + £30 = £150$."}]},{"id":"380725b9-5953-4112-a271-ed7d55f0cf41","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"Gross pay is £600 and total deductions are £150. What is net pay?","back":"£450.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"£450.","correct":true,"explanation":"Net pay is gross pay minus total deductions: £600 - £150 = £450. This is the amount the employee takes home."},{"text":"£750.","correct":false,"explanation":"Adding deductions to gross pay gives £750, but deductions must be subtracted. Net pay is £600 - £150 = £450."},{"text":"£300.","correct":false,"explanation":"Subtracting the deductions twice gives £300. They should be subtracted only once, so net pay is £600 - £150 = £450."},{"text":"£150.","correct":false,"explanation":"£150 is the total deducted, not the employee’s take-home pay. Subtracting it from gross pay gives net pay of £450."}]}]}],"examCountdown":{"examDate":"2027-05-13","paperLabel":"Paper 1"},"heading":"2.7 The labour market","title":"The labour market Flashcards","topbar":{"backHref":"/gcse/economics/ocr/flashcards"},"topicSidebar":"$L38"}]}],"topicId":"6408f082-304e-5457-8114-4536ebe6978a","walled":"$L39"}],"$L3a","$L3b"]

2.7 The labour market Flashcards

2.7 The labour market Flashcards