An embedded telemetry system on an autonomous underwater vehicle stores depth-rate measurements as 8-bit signed two's complement binary integers. To filter noise, the processor must divide a negative reading by 8 using a 3-bit right shift.
Compare how the vacant bit positions on the left are filled when performing a logical right shift of 3 places versus an arithmetic right shift of 3 places, and explain why only one of these operations correctly preserves the negative sign of the measurement.
117 exam-style questions on Edexcel GCSE Computer Science Binary, covering Binary representation and number of states, Unsigned and two's complement integers, Converting denary and 8-bit binary, Binary addition and binary shifts, Concept of overflow, and Hexadecimal notation and conversion. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.