Organic chemistry

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Question 44
Medium

This question is about hydrocarbons.

The table shows some information about alkanes.

A table with three columns: 'Name of alkane', 'Molecular formula', and 'Structure'. The first row shows 'Ethane', molecular formula 'C2H6', and a structural formula of ethane consisting of two carbon atoms connected by a single bond, with three hydrogens bonded to each carbon. The second row shows 'Propane', a blank line under molecular formula, and a structural formula consisting of a chain of three carbon atoms connected by single bonds, with three hydrogens bonded to each end carbon and two hydrogens bonded to the central carbon. The third row has a blank line under 'Name of alkane', molecular formula 'C5H12', and a blank area under 'Structure'.

a.

Complete the table.

[3]
b.

Propane is a saturated hydrocarbon. Explain why propane is called both a hydrocarbon and saturated.

[2]
c.

A student has two test tubes. One contains propane and one contains propene.

Two structural formulas labelled 'Propane' and 'Propene'. Propane shows three carbons in a single-bonded chain, with three hydrogens on each end carbon and two on the middle carbon, all single bonds. Propene shows three carbons with a double bond between the first two carbons (C=C-C) and single bonds to hydrogen atoms satisfying the tetravalency of carbon.

The student added bromine water to each test tube. Describe what they observe:

  • Propane: _____________________\text{\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_}_____________________
  • Propene: _____________________\text{\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_}_____________________
[2]
d.

Propane belongs to the homologous series called the alkanes. What is the name of the homologous series that propene belongs to?

[1]
e.

Heptane, C7H16\text{C}_7\text{H}_{16}C7​H16​, is an alkane found in petrol. Heptane undergoes complete combustion in excess oxygen, O2\text{O}_2O2​. Carbon dioxide and water are made. Write the balanced symbol equation for the complete combustion of heptane.

[2]

Organic chemistry Questions

  1. GCSE
  2. /Chemistry
  3. /Organic chemistry