Magnesium is a solid at room temperature.
(i) The diagrams show three different particle models.
Which particle model represents a solid?
Choose X, Y, or Z.
(ii) Magnesium has a melting point of 650∘C650^\circ\text{C}650∘C and a boiling point of 1090∘C1090^\circ\text{C}1090∘C.
State a temperature at which magnesium will be a liquid.
(iii) Complete the sentences about the particle models using words from this list: condensing, freezing, less, melting, more.
- A liquid becoming a solid is called ________.
- In a solid, the particles move ________ than in a liquid.
- In a solid, the arrangement of particles is ________ random than in a liquid.
Match each particle with its correct description:
- Particles: proton, electron, neutron
- Descriptions:
- relative charge of −1-1−1 and very small relative mass
- relative charge of +1+1+1 and relative mass of 111
- relative charge of 000 (no charge) and relative mass of 111
The element magnesium has three different isotopes:
- Isotope 1: 1224Mg{}^{24}_{12}\text{Mg}1224Mg
- Isotope 2: 1225Mg{}^{25}_{12}\text{Mg}1225Mg
- Isotope 3: 1226Mg{}^{26}_{12}\text{Mg}1226Mg
(i) Which isotope has the highest mass?
(ii) Which isotope has the same number of protons and neutrons?
(iii) Atoms of each isotope have the same number of electrons. How many electrons do these atoms have?
A sample of magnesium contains all three isotopes. It contains 78.99%78.99\%78.99% of isotope 1 and 10.00%10.00\%10.00% of isotope 2.
Calculate the percentage of isotope 3 in the sample of magnesium.