This question is about straight-chain carboxylic acids. Table 1 shows information about some carboxylic acids.
| Number of carbon atoms in carboxylic acid | Boiling point in ∘C^{\circ}\text{C}∘C |
|---|---|
| 1 | 101 |
| 2 | 118 |
| 3 | XXX |
| 4 | 164 |
| 5 | 186 |
| 6 | 205 |
Predict the boiling point XXX of the carboxylic acid with three carbon atoms.
A student wants to plot this data on a grid where the vertical scale for boiling point starts at 110 ∘C110\,^{\circ}\text{C}110∘C. Describe why this grid is not suitable to show the boiling point of the carboxylic acid with one carbon atom.
What is the physical state of the carboxylic acid with one carbon atom at 110 ∘C110\,^{\circ}\text{C}110∘C? Use Table 1.
The carboxylic acid with six carbon atoms is hexanoic acid. Complete the molecular formula: C6H‾O2\text{C}_6\text{H}_{\underline{\quad}}\text{O}_2C6HO2
Hexanoic acid condenses lower down in a fractionating column during fractional distillation than the other carboxylic acids in Table 1. Explain why. You should refer to the temperature gradient in the fractionating column.