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This question is about hydrocarbons.

Butane and butene are hydrocarbons containing four carbon atoms in each molecule. Butane is an alkane and butene is an alkene.

a.

Match each hydrocarbon to its correct molecular formula from the list below:

  • C4H6\text{C}_4\text{H}_6C4​H6​
  • C4H8\text{C}_4\text{H}_8C4​H8​
  • C4H10\text{C}_4\text{H}_{10}C4​H10​
  • C4H12\text{C}_4\text{H}_{12}C4​H12​
[2]
b.

Bromine water is added to separate samples of butane and butene. What would be observed in each case?

[2]
c.

Propane is an alkane and propene is an alkene. Figure 1 shows the displayed structural formulae of propane and of propene.

Two displayed structural chemical diagrams. Left: Propane, with a chain of three carbon atoms connected by single bonds. Each of the end carbons is bonded to three hydrogen atoms, and the middle carbon is bonded to two hydrogen atoms, making a total of 8 hydrogen atoms. Right: Propene, with a chain of three carbon atoms. There is a single C-C bond between the first and second carbon, and a double C=C bond between the second and third carbon. The first carbon is bonded to three hydrogens, the second to one hydrogen, and the third to two hydrogens, making a total of 6 hydrogen atoms.

Compare propane with propene. You should refer to:

  • their structure and bonding
  • their reactions.
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