A manufacturer is choosing between two designs for a ceramic drainage pipe. The mineral mixture used to make each pipe is obtained by quarrying.
Consider only the environmental impacts from obtaining the raw materials and manufacturing the pipe.
The table shows data for the two designs.
| Design | Mass of quarried raw material needed for one pipe in kg | Manufacturing energy in MJ per kg of raw material |
|---|---|---|
| P | 24 | 4.0 |
| Q | 18 | 5.0 |
Explain which design has the lower environmental impact. Use calculations and the data in the table.
99 exam-style questions on AQA GCSE Chemistry 10.2 Life cycle assessment and recycling, covering 10.2.1 Life cycle assessment and 10.2.2 Ways of reducing the use of resources. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.