A scientist investigates three samples made from elements represented by the letters P, Q and R. The letters are codes and are not chemical symbols.
| Element | Type of element | Electronic structure |
|---|---|---|
| P | metal | 2,1 |
| Q | non-metal | 2,5 |
| R | non-metal | 2,6 |
| Sample | Elements present | Structural evidence |
|---|---|---|
| A | P only | a regular, repeating giant structure |
| B | Q only | separate particles, each containing two Q atoms |
| C | P and R | a regular, repeating giant structure with a P:R ratio of 2:1 |
Describe how the outer-shell electrons of P, Q and R are involved in holding each of samples A, B and C together, and how this accounts for the structural evidence in the table.
98 exam-style questions on AQA GCSE Chemistry 2.1 Chemical bonds, ionic, covalent and metallic, covering 2.1.1 Chemical bonds, 2.1.2 Ionic bonding, 2.1.3 Ionic compounds, 2.1.4 Covalent bonding, and 2.1.5 Metallic bonding. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.