What is meant by the term active transport?

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Which two changes will increase the rate at which glucose is absorbed from the small intestine into the blood? Select two options.

• Decreased number of mitochondria in the epithelial cells
• Decreased surface area of the villi
• Increased concentration of glucose in the small intestine lumen
• Increased rate of blood flow through the capillaries inside the villi
• Decreased temperature within the intestinal tract

Explain how the human small intestine is adapted for the efficient absorption of digested food molecules by diffusion and active transport.

Water is absorbed from the lumen of the small intestine into the epithelial cells. Name the process by which water molecules enter these cells.

Even when the concentration of amino acids in the small intestine is lower than inside the epithelial cells, they continue to be absorbed.

Explain how amino acids are transported into the epithelial cells under these conditions.

• Name of process
• Explanation