A clinical study compared two types of replacement valves for patients with severe mitral valve regurgitation (a leaking mitral valve):
The data from the study is shown in the table below:
| Measurement | Mechanical Mitral Valve (MMV) | Bioprosthetic Mitral Valve (BMV) |
|---|---|---|
| Number of patients in the study | 450045004500 | 320032003200 |
| Number of patients experiencing thromboembolism (blood clots) within 1 year | 180180180 | 323232 |
| Percentage of patients alive after 5 years | 82%82\%82% | 79%79\%79% |
| Percentage of patients requiring repeat valve surgery within 5 years | 2.0%2.0\%2.0% | 14.0%14.0\%14.0% |
Explain why a damaged, leaking mitral valve leads to a reduced ability to perform aerobic exercise.
Give one conclusion comparing the rate of thromboembolism within 1 year between the two groups. Include calculations of percentages to support your conclusion.
Based on the data provided and your biological knowledge, evaluate the choice of a Bioprosthetic Mitral Valve (BMV) compared to a Mechanical Mitral Valve (MMV).