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possible","correct":true,"explanation":"Omnipotence includes the power to bring about any logically coherent state of affairs. Contradictions do not count as possible states that a being could actualise."},{"text":"physically possible","correct":false,"explanation":"Physical possibility is restricted by the laws of nature, which an omnipotent God could override. The usual definition therefore refers to all logically possible states of affairs."},{"text":"divinely chosen","correct":false,"explanation":"God’s choices concern which possibilities God decides to actualise, not the extent of divine power. Omnipotence is power over all logically possible states of affairs."},{"text":"actually existing","correct":false,"explanation":"Omnipotence is not limited to states of affairs that already exist. It includes the power to actualise any logically possible state of affairs."}]},{"id":"950ad5bc-530a-46c9-92a4-e6c02f71b82a","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why does “God cannot create a square circle” not show a weakness in omnipotence?","back":"Contradictions are not genuine possible tasks.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Contradictions are not genuine possible tasks.","correct":true,"explanation":"A square circle is internally contradictory, so creating one is not an achievable task at all. Omnipotence concerns power to perform every logically possible task."},{"text":"Difficult tasks exceed even unlimited divine power.","correct":false,"explanation":"A square circle is not merely extremely difficult; its defining properties contradict each other. Contradictions are not genuine possible tasks, so inability to create one shows no weakness."},{"text":"Physical laws prevent God from completing the task.","correct":false,"explanation":"The obstacle is logical contradiction, not a law of nature that divine power might override. Contradictions are not genuine possible tasks and therefore require no power."},{"text":"Divine choices make some possible tasks forbidden.","correct":false,"explanation":"The issue is not that God chooses to avoid a possible but forbidden action. A square circle is contradictory, and contradictions are not genuine possible tasks."}]},{"id":"cdcd731b-b0c5-4d04-a21f-d553d4fb2f32","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"A state of affairs is [ ] if it does not involve a [ ].","back":"A state of affairs is logically possible if it does not involve a contradiction.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"A state of affairs is logically possible if it does not involve a contradiction.","correct":true,"explanation":"Logical possibility requires internal consistency. If a description contains no contradiction, it represents a state of affairs that could, in principle, be actualised."},{"text":"A state of affairs is physically possible if it does not involve a contradiction.","correct":false,"explanation":"Absence of contradiction establishes logical possibility, not physical possibility. Physical possibility additionally depends on the laws of nature, so the correct term is logically possible."},{"text":"A state of affairs is logically possible if it does not involve a physical impossibility.","correct":false,"explanation":"Logical possibility is determined by freedom from contradiction, not conformity to physical laws. Miracles may be physically impossible while remaining logically possible."},{"text":"A state of affairs is logically impossible if it does not involve a contradiction.","correct":false,"explanation":"This reverses the relationship: a contradiction makes a state logically impossible. A state is logically possible precisely when it does not involve a contradiction."}]},{"id":"21e85fa8-c16e-4e91-847c-5f935a55640b","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"[ ] means God freely chooses not to exercise all divine power.","back":"Divine self-limitation means God freely chooses not to exercise all divine power.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Divine self-limitation","correct":true,"explanation":"Divine self-limitation is the view that God voluntarily refrains from exercising some divine power, often to allow genuine human freedom, while still possessing that power."},{"text":"Divine powerlessness","correct":false,"explanation":"Powerlessness means lacking the ability to act, whereas the definition describes a voluntary decision not to use an ability. The correct term is divine self-limitation."},{"text":"Divine determinism","correct":false,"explanation":"Divine determinism holds that God determines events, which contrasts with voluntarily restricting divine action. Freely choosing not to exercise all power is divine self-limitation."},{"text":"Divine immutability","correct":false,"explanation":"Divine immutability means that God does not change; it does not describe voluntarily restricting the use of power. That idea is divine self-limitation."}]},{"id":"3031eff2-4431-45da-8082-5c0aa6b99358","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"In Swinburne, why can God not determine every human choice while giving genuine freedom?","back":"Total determination removes real alternative possibilities.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Total determination removes real alternative possibilities.","correct":true,"explanation":"If God determines every choice, a person cannot genuinely choose otherwise. Swinburne argues that significant freedom requires real alternatives rather than actions fixed by divine causation."},{"text":"Total foreknowledge removes real alternative possibilities.","correct":false,"explanation":"This confuses knowing an action with causally determining it. Swinburne’s immediate point is that total determination removes alternatives because God would directly fix every human choice."},{"text":"Partial influence removes all alternative possibilities.","correct":false,"explanation":"Influence does not necessarily eliminate freedom because a person may still resist it and choose otherwise. Total determination removes real alternative possibilities by fixing the choice completely."},{"text":"Total determination preserves real alternative possibilities.","correct":false,"explanation":"This reverses Swinburne’s reasoning. If God completely determines a choice, no genuine alternative remains; therefore, total determination removes real alternative possibilities."}]},{"id":"1b5308cf-b468-4f5d-8408-a452f5dd1529","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"[ ] means knowledge of events before they occur.","back":"Foreknowledge means knowledge of events before they occur.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Foreknowledge","correct":true,"explanation":"Foreknowledge is knowledge of an event or action before it occurs. In philosophy of religion, divine foreknowledge raises questions about whether future human choices remain free."},{"text":"Omniscience","correct":false,"explanation":"Omniscience means knowledge of everything, not specifically knowledge before events occur. The precise term for advance knowledge of events is foreknowledge."},{"text":"Providence","correct":false,"explanation":"Providence refers to God’s guidance, care or governance of creation rather than advance knowledge itself. Knowledge of events before they occur is foreknowledge."},{"text":"Middle knowledge","correct":false,"explanation":"Middle knowledge concerns what free creatures would choose in hypothetical circumstances. The general term for knowing actual events before they occur is foreknowledge."}]},{"id":"99c0eab5-2c7e-434d-b21a-f21cffa7ffde","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why does divine foreknowledge create a problem for human free will?","back":"If God infallibly knows a choice, the future seems fixed.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"If God infallibly knows a choice, the future seems fixed.","correct":true,"explanation":"Infallible divine knowledge cannot be mistaken. If God already knows a future choice with certainty, it appears that the person cannot choose differently, threatening free will."},{"text":"If God infallibly knows a choice, the past seems changeable.","correct":false,"explanation":"The problem is not that past events become changeable. Infallible advance knowledge makes the future seem fixed because the known choice apparently cannot occur differently."},{"text":"If God fallibly predicts a choice, the future seems fixed.","correct":false,"explanation":"A fallible prediction could be mistaken and would not fix the future. The difficulty arises because God infallibly knows the choice, making the future seem fixed."},{"text":"If God infallibly knows a choice, the choice seems uncaused.","correct":false,"explanation":"Foreknowledge creates concern about whether a person can choose otherwise, not whether choices have causes. If God’s knowledge is infallible, the future seems fixed."}]},{"id":"6fea0289-df40-487a-a06f-0fa03a28c7a8","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why would lack of genuine responsibility make divine judgement unjust?","back":"Reward or punishment would be unfair without responsibility.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Reward or punishment would be unfair without responsibility.","correct":true,"explanation":"Just judgement requires people to be morally responsible for their actions. If they could not freely control those actions, rewarding or punishing them would be unfair."},{"text":"Reward or punishment would be unfair without foreknowledge.","correct":false,"explanation":"Foreknowledge is not the basis of moral desert. Reward or punishment becomes unjust when people lack responsibility because they were not genuinely free to choose their actions."},{"text":"Reward but not punishment would be unfair without responsibility.","correct":false,"explanation":"Lack of responsibility undermines both sides of judgement, not reward alone. Neither reward nor punishment is deserved if a person is not genuinely responsible for acting."},{"text":"Forgiveness or punishment would be unfair without responsibility.","correct":false,"explanation":"Forgiveness can be offered as mercy and does not function like deserved reward. The justice problem is that reward or punishment would be unfair without genuine responsibility."}]},{"id":"2b9b4517-09ca-4865-9577-bf3cf4e6ca77","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"Boethius defines eternity as the whole, [ ] and perfect possession of [ ].","back":"Boethius defines eternity as the whole, simultaneous and perfect possession of interminable life.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Boethius defines eternity as the whole, simultaneous and perfect possession of interminable life.","correct":true,"explanation":"Boethius presents eternity as possessing limitless life all at once, rather than experiencing it through a succession of past, present and future moments."},{"text":"Boethius defines eternity as the whole, successive and perfect possession of interminable life.","correct":false,"explanation":"Successive possession describes existence within time, where moments follow one another. Boethius instead defines eternity as the simultaneous and perfect possession of interminable life."},{"text":"Boethius defines eternity as the whole, simultaneous and perfect possession of everlasting time.","correct":false,"explanation":"Everlasting time means continuing endlessly through successive moments, not timeless eternity. Boethius defines eternity as the simultaneous and perfect possession of interminable life."},{"text":"Boethius defines eternity as the whole, temporary and perfect possession of mortal life.","correct":false,"explanation":"Temporary possession of mortal life describes finite creatures rather than God. Boethius defines eternity as the whole, simultaneous and perfect possession of interminable life."}]},{"id":"dff54cc7-ccd1-4bfd-8096-6d6cd9ebb918","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"For Boethius, why does God not technically have foreknowledge?","back":"Fore only applies inside time; God knows eternally.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Fore only applies inside time; God knows eternally.","correct":true,"explanation":"The prefix “fore” implies knowing something before it occurs, which requires temporal succession. Because God is timeless, God knows every event eternally rather than beforehand."},{"text":"Fore only applies outside time; God knows successively.","correct":false,"explanation":"Successive knowledge involves moving from one moment to another and therefore belongs inside time. Boethius argues that “fore” is temporal, while God knows all events eternally."},{"text":"Knowledge only applies inside time; God predicts accurately.","correct":false,"explanation":"Boethius does not reduce divine knowledge to prediction, which would treat God as a temporal observer. “Fore” applies only inside time; God knows events eternally."},{"text":"Future only applies outside time; God remembers perfectly.","correct":false,"explanation":"Memory concerns what has already happened and would place God within temporal succession. Boethius says “fore” applies only inside time, whereas God’s knowledge is eternal."}]},{"id":"b48ceef2-9a6d-4930-a9b2-e77afd326c19","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"In Boethius, how does God know all events?","back":"God knows them in one eternal present.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"God knows them in one eternal present.","correct":true,"explanation":"God exists outside temporal succession, so all events are immediately present to the divine mind. God therefore knows the entire course of history in one eternal present."},{"text":"God knows them through one perfect prediction.","correct":false,"explanation":"Prediction infers what will happen before it occurs and therefore assumes a temporal viewpoint. Boethius instead says God knows all events directly in one eternal present."},{"text":"God knows them through an endless succession.","correct":false,"explanation":"An endless succession would make God everlasting within time rather than timeless. Boethius argues that God knows all events together in one eternal present."},{"text":"God knows them from the final moment.","correct":false,"explanation":"Knowing from the final moment would still locate God at a particular point in time. Boethius places God outside time, knowing everything in one eternal present."}]},{"id":"654b6a66-10f5-4ab1-9563-5f6fbc710d14","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"For Boethius, why does God’s knowledge not force human actions?","back":"Knowing an action does not cause the action.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Knowing an action does not cause the action.","correct":true,"explanation":"Knowledge observes what a person freely does but does not produce that choice. For Boethius, God’s infallible awareness therefore does not itself cause human actions."},{"text":"Predicting an action makes the action merely probable.","correct":false,"explanation":"Boethius treats divine knowledge as certain knowledge, not a fallible prediction of probabilities. His defence is that knowing an action does not cause the action."},{"text":"Causing an action does not determine the action.","correct":false,"explanation":"A sufficient divine cause would undermine the action’s independence, so this does not protect freedom. Boethius distinguishes knowledge from causation: knowing an action does not cause it."},{"text":"Observing an action makes the action necessary.","correct":false,"explanation":"Observation makes an event necessary only conditionally, in the sense that what is observed is occurring; it does not cause it. Knowing an action does not force the action."}]},{"id":"b3508ff6-f1c7-4bf3-a03b-b05e7e17c9b2","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"What distinction about necessity does Boethius make?","back":"

Necessary in themselves
Necessary because known

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Necessary in themselves
Necessary because known

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Necessary for salvation
Necessary for creation

","correct":false,"explanation":"These are theological purposes, not Boethius’s logical distinction about necessity. He contrasts events necessary in themselves with events necessary because they are known."},{"text":"

Necessary before choice
Necessary after choice

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Necessary because caused
Necessary because predicted

","correct":false,"explanation":"This confuses causal determination and fallible prediction with Boethius’s account of necessity. His distinction is between being necessary in itself and being necessary because known."}]},{"id":"f6f87284-dfdb-416f-9b40-cc8d9d9f3654","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"What is the main criticism of Boethius’s solution?","back":"The future still seems unchangeable if eternally known.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"The future still seems unchangeable if eternally known.","correct":true,"explanation":"Even if divine knowledge does not cause choices, infallible eternal knowledge appears to guarantee one fixed outcome. Critics therefore argue that the future still seems unchangeable."},{"text":"The future still seems unpredictable if eternally known.","correct":false,"explanation":"Eternal, infallible knowledge would make the future completely known to God, not unpredictable. The criticism is that such knowledge makes the future seem unchangeable."},{"text":"The future still seems meaningless if freely chosen.","correct":false,"explanation":"Human freedom does not by itself make future events meaningless. The central criticism is that a future eternally and infallibly known by God still appears unchangeable."},{"text":"The future still seems unknown if freely chosen.","correct":false,"explanation":"Boethius maintains that God knows free choices without causing them, so freedom does not make the future unknown to God. Critics instead claim eternal knowledge makes it unchangeable."}]},{"id":"e4057163-648f-4449-9b04-2bcdd14bf521","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"[ ] sees reality as including time as well as [ ].","back":"Four-dimensionalism sees reality as including time as well as space.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Four-dimensionalism sees reality as including time as well as space.","correct":true,"explanation":"Four-dimensionalism treats time as a dimension of reality alongside the three spatial dimensions. Events at different times can therefore be understood as parts of one spacetime whole."},{"text":"Three-dimensionalism sees reality as including time as well as space.","correct":false,"explanation":"Three-dimensionalism ordinarily gives special status to the present rather than treating time as a fourth dimension. Four-dimensionalism includes time as well as space in reality."},{"text":"Four-dimensionalism sees reality as including space as well as matter.","correct":false,"explanation":"Matter is something located within dimensions, not the dimension added by this theory. Four-dimensionalism sees reality as including time as well as space."},{"text":"Presentism sees reality as including time as well as space.","correct":false,"explanation":"Presentism holds that only the present exists, rather than treating all temporal locations as parts of reality. Four-dimensionalism includes time alongside space."}]},{"id":"3a91dce4-a60c-43d9-b363-85fc1809f86e","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"How does Anselm extend Boethius’s timeless view?","back":"God knows the whole timeline from an eternal perspective.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"God knows the whole timeline from an eternal perspective.","correct":true,"explanation":"Anselm develops the timeless view by presenting every point in history as immediately accessible to God. God therefore knows the whole timeline from an eternal perspective."},{"text":"God predicts the distant future from the present moment.","correct":false,"explanation":"Prediction from the present would place God within temporal succession and make divine knowledge forward-looking. Anselm instead says God knows the whole timeline eternally."},{"text":"God remembers the entire past from the final moment.","correct":false,"explanation":"Remembering from a final moment still locates God within time and covers only completed events. Anselm’s eternal God knows the whole timeline from outside temporal succession."},{"text":"God creates the future timeline through human choices.","correct":false,"explanation":"This suggests that the timeline develops for God as choices occur, rather than being eternally present. Anselm holds that God knows the whole timeline from an eternal perspective."}]},{"id":"e0fc4a87-e915-445b-ba50-e9cec8826998","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"How can Anselm explain divine action in time?","back":"God’s one eternal will has effects at different times.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"God’s one eternal will has effects at different times.","correct":true,"explanation":"Anselm can preserve God’s timelessness by treating divine willing as a single eternal act whose consequences appear at different points in the temporal world."},{"text":"God’s successive decisions produce effects at different times.","correct":false,"explanation":"This suggests that God makes separate decisions as events occur, which conflicts with Anselm’s account of divine timelessness. His explanation instead uses one eternal act with temporal effects."},{"text":"God’s timeless knowledge observes effects at different times.","correct":false,"explanation":"Perfect foreknowledge is not itself Anselm’s explanation of how action occurs in time. The key idea is one unchanging divine willing producing effects at different temporal moments."},{"text":"God’s changing will produces effects at different times.","correct":false,"explanation":"A changing divine will would make God dependent on temporal events and undermine immutability. Anselm explains temporal effects through a single eternal act, not repeated changes of intention."}]},{"id":"d66f3773-239f-48b3-b7fb-39d980aaf5b5","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why may Anselm’s view threaten libertarian free will?","back":"It can imply a block universe with a settled future.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"It can imply a block universe with a settled future.","correct":true,"explanation":"If every event belongs to one fixed, completed structure, future human actions appear already settled rather than genuinely open. That threatens libertarian freedom, which requires alternative possibilities."},{"text":"It can imply a timeless realm with a settled future.","correct":false,"explanation":"A timeless realm does not by itself describe a future in which events are fixed, so it does not identify the specific threat to libertarian freedom. The concern is a completed temporal structure."},{"text":"It can imply a random universe with a settled future.","correct":false,"explanation":"Randomness would not necessarily remove libertarian freedom, and it is not the consequence identified in Anselm’s view. The difficulty comes from the future being fixed, not unpredictable."},{"text":"It can imply a closed universe with a settled future.","correct":false,"explanation":"A closed universe concerns physical conditions or cosmology, but it does not express the philosophical problem that all temporal events form a settled whole. The relevant idea is a block universe."}]},{"id":"a087e20b-85ca-4398-9093-00a5e8e40986","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"An [ ] God exists through all time rather than [ ].","back":"An everlasting God exists through all time rather than outside time.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"An everlasting God exists through all time rather than outside time.","correct":true,"explanation":"Everlasting existence places God within the temporal sequence, whereas timeless existence places God beyond temporal succession. This distinction explains the contrast between the two theological models."},{"text":"An everlasting God exists through all time rather than created by time.","correct":false,"explanation":"A temporal God is contrasted with timeless existence, not with being created. Everlastingness concerns duration through every moment, whereas creation concerns dependence on a cause."},{"text":"An everlasting God exists through all time rather than limited by time.","correct":false,"explanation":"The alternative is not simply existing at one moment. The debate concerns whether God is present throughout temporal succession or exists independently of time altogether."},{"text":"An everlasting God exists through all time rather than present within time.","correct":false,"explanation":"Saying that God is absent from time reverses the intended contrast and does not name the standard timeless model. The relevant alternative is existence outside temporal sequence."}]},{"id":"9c68e4fd-ef1c-4a18-b973-ac270aafdb9f","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why does Swinburne’s everlasting God fit personal religion?","back":"God can answer, respond and act within time.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"God can answer, respond and act within time.","correct":true,"explanation":"A God who exists through time can interact with changing circumstances, hear prayers and perform actions as events unfold. This fits religious language about a responsive personal relationship."},{"text":"God can observe, predict and judge within time.","correct":false,"explanation":"A God who only observes would not adequately match religious practices involving prayer and divine intervention. Swinburne’s temporal model supports active interaction with events as they occur."},{"text":"God can remain fixed, distant and uninvolved within time.","correct":false,"explanation":"Being unchanging and detached describes a timeless conception more closely than Swinburne’s personal model. His account makes genuine interaction with temporal events possible."},{"text":"God can know, foresee and permit within time.","correct":false,"explanation":"Knowing events does not by itself constitute personal response or action. Swinburne values a model in which God can participate in temporal relationships rather than merely foresee them."}]},{"id":"3b4c9f76-bb12-43d2-9086-2cdaefae95e8","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"How does Swinburne understand divine omniscience?","back":"God knows everything logically possible to know.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"God knows everything logically possible to know.","correct":true,"explanation":"Swinburne limits omniscience to what can be known logically. Since genuinely free future choices have not yet been settled, they are not existing truths available for knowledge."},{"text":"God knows everything currently happening to know.","correct":false,"explanation":"This restricts knowledge to present events and is too narrow for Swinburne’s account. God knows all logically available truths, including relevant truths about past and present reality."},{"text":"God knows everything eventually going to happen to know.","correct":false,"explanation":"Swinburne does not claim that every future choice is already knowable. Undetermined free decisions lack a settled truth value before they occur."},{"text":"God knows everything conceivable to know.","correct":false,"explanation":"Logical conceivability is not enough for knowledge, because some imaginable claims are false or contradictory. The standard is what is logically possible to know, not everything conceivable."}]},{"id":"bb9aabbc-fcf8-4868-95e6-9f2c034dce62","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why is Swinburne not calling God ignorant about future free choices?","back":"Undetermined choices may not yet be knowable truths.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Undetermined choices may not yet be knowable truths.","correct":true,"explanation":"If a free choice is genuinely undetermined, there is not yet a settled fact about which option will be chosen. Lacking access to a non-existent truth is not ignorance."},{"text":"Undetermined choices may already be knowable truths.","correct":false,"explanation":"Calling these decisions already settled would make them knowable facts and undermine their openness. Swinburne instead argues that an unsettled future choice may lack a truth available to know."},{"text":"Undetermined choices may not yet be necessary truths.","correct":false,"explanation":"Necessary truths are knowable precisely because they cannot be otherwise. Swinburne’s point concerns contingent choices that remain open, not truths fixed by logic."},{"text":"Undetermined choices may not yet be falsehoods.","correct":false,"explanation":"A falsehood is not the relevant category, because the future choice has not yet become true or false in the required settled sense. The issue is its lack of knowability before decision."}]},{"id":"9cab0499-1ca7-475d-a642-cf60c644c4f7","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why does Swinburne support just judgement?","back":"Open choices make responsibility, praise and blame meaningful.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Open choices make responsibility, praise and blame meaningful.","correct":true,"explanation":"Open future choices allow agents to choose between genuine alternatives. That makes it coherent to hold them responsible and to regard their actions as deserving praise or blame."},{"text":"Fixed choices make responsibility, praise and blame meaningful.","correct":false,"explanation":"If choices are fixed in advance, responsibility and moral appraisal become difficult to justify because the agent could not genuinely have chosen otherwise. Swinburne appeals to openness instead."},{"text":"Random choices make responsibility, praise and blame meaningful.","correct":false,"explanation":"Random choices would not necessarily be responsible choices, since randomness is not the same as control or authorship. Moral judgement requires meaningful agency and available alternatives."},{"text":"Caused choices make responsibility, praise and blame meaningful.","correct":false,"explanation":"Choices determined solely by prior causes threaten the freedom needed for desert-based judgement. Swinburne’s justification depends on decisions remaining genuinely open to the agent."}]},{"id":"a10f32b8-f2bb-4a1c-a12b-9c93f5df28bc","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"What is the main cost of Swinburne’s view?","back":"It weakens classical timelessness and omniscience.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"It weakens classical timelessness and omniscience.","correct":true,"explanation":"Swinburne’s temporal God can respond to creatures and preserve open choices, but this requires rejecting or revising traditional claims that God is timeless and knows every future event."},{"text":"It strengthens classical timelessness and omniscience.","correct":false,"explanation":"Swinburne’s model does not strengthen the traditional attributes; it qualifies them to accommodate temporal interaction and undetermined choices. The cost is a reduced classical conception."},{"text":"It weakens divine goodness and moral perfection.","correct":false,"explanation":"The view is not primarily a rejection of divine goodness. Its controversial cost concerns how far traditional timelessness and complete foreknowledge can be retained."},{"text":"It weakens personal relationship and responsiveness.","correct":false,"explanation":"Swinburne’s account does not make God less personal; personal interaction is one of its advantages. The sacrifice instead affects traditional claims about timelessness and omniscience."}]}]}],"examCountdown":{"examDate":"2027-05-14","paperLabel":"Paper 1"},"heading":"Theological and Philosophical Developments","title":"Theological and Philosophical Developments Flashcards","topbar":{"backHref":"/as-level/religious-studies/ocr/flashcards"},"topicSidebar":"$L38"}]}],"topicId":"c6b4076d-7b51-5cef-9300-61de211eab30","walled":"$L39"}],"$L3a","$L3b"]