33:I[196793,["/_next/static/chunks/22sb5gxku1vti.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/060-i_62-vse1.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/38-k3bl6rq3jd.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/316m85d5s15pp.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0p4rexedanx97.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0u008gt6051u7.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2epfhfe5im7r6.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2-kxf37eoeg7i.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0zkcxwtbsqliz.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2_itvjgqsumf8.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0be1c60akah5d.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3r5hh4t0jf4es.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3ml3vooxhiupb.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1h4wccj42vygd.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1odwrcl12kfnl.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2os7nxouq91eq.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3ht89vb0p09bm.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3ocoqwe4aht_u.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/32qmkt01ta8b2.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3jpl-42mbad5n.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1bbv7o2-m-0ni.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3xa2z7fbv2riw.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/14kf-an-d2n-e.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/43_c8pa0f3h7b.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0v4byuex1x38h.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2ydqdr10ndcei.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3zxbsyiz3sczc.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0wf9roqbn_-g4.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0gvj8_2lj8s8m.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/04zr-wqafvwoa.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0llqhg6-bxn_b.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/12eug9rydw8za.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1ku-vdy4ggo41.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0k-y_4mcfub-p.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2f1w4u-bu1c0g.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2xb8rh55xtnv4.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2dx-vzwyw9a3g.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/15t7f4xdgo4t3.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3ejt5xvpdtik0.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/14ylo6o9spr8d.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/00ol_16j3a2oa.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2vg15qyptj-oc.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1nv_h9rvn8nzl.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3l5uu1dz3xba2.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3h4suq-9gmzwh.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0yvahveev18z-.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/12_xkdi18mnhe.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1__39-dgg7p8-.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/12mv6p8rwcl5o.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/099h0ryih59qu.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2_vtmw66zj1j7.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3wqp-h5xnebw9.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2s1hkstzlmj2o.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0n-sa_i-ykj1k.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1nnw6yom6-qhh.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1lsxkfxy262n-.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3ghbpnibq2fva.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1ksyn9m68446d.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0zg1om_k0m5zv.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1pm5eegg3i3no.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/30dopbgd1dkf9.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2hbne-_09jb6_.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/43ajf4ofaeu5y.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1pnbagih46wtg.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2y341-r8ncizo.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2wp4esku6l29e.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280"],"Gingerbread"] 35:I[647935,["/_next/static/chunks/22sb5gxku1vti.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/060-i_62-vse1.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/38-k3bl6rq3jd.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/316m85d5s15pp.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0p4rexedanx97.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0u008gt6051u7.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2epfhfe5im7r6.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2-kxf37eoeg7i.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0zkcxwtbsqliz.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2_itvjgqsumf8.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0be1c60akah5d.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3r5hh4t0jf4es.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3ml3vooxhiupb.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1h4wccj42vygd.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1odwrcl12kfnl.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2os7nxouq91eq.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3ht89vb0p09bm.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3ocoqwe4aht_u.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/32qmkt01ta8b2.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3jpl-42mbad5n.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1bbv7o2-m-0ni.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3xa2z7fbv2riw.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/14kf-an-d2n-e.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/43_c8pa0f3h7b.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0v4byuex1x38h.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2ydqdr10ndcei.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3zxbsyiz3sczc.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0wf9roqbn_-g4.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0gvj8_2lj8s8m.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/04zr-wqafvwoa.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0llqhg6-bxn_b.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/12eug9rydw8za.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1ku-vdy4ggo41.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0k-y_4mcfub-p.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2f1w4u-bu1c0g.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2xb8rh55xtnv4.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2dx-vzwyw9a3g.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/15t7f4xdgo4t3.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3ejt5xvpdtik0.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/14ylo6o9spr8d.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/00ol_16j3a2oa.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2vg15qyptj-oc.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1nv_h9rvn8nzl.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3l5uu1dz3xba2.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3h4suq-9gmzwh.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0yvahveev18z-.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/12_xkdi18mnhe.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1__39-dgg7p8-.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/12mv6p8rwcl5o.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/099h0ryih59qu.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2_vtmw66zj1j7.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3wqp-h5xnebw9.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2s1hkstzlmj2o.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0n-sa_i-ykj1k.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1nnw6yom6-qhh.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1lsxkfxy262n-.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3ghbpnibq2fva.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1ksyn9m68446d.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0zg1om_k0m5zv.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1pm5eegg3i3no.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/30dopbgd1dkf9.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2hbne-_09jb6_.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/43ajf4ofaeu5y.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1pnbagih46wtg.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2y341-r8ncizo.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2wp4esku6l29e.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280"],"RecordResourceResume"] 36:I[830476,["/_next/static/chunks/22sb5gxku1vti.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/060-i_62-vse1.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/38-k3bl6rq3jd.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/316m85d5s15pp.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0p4rexedanx97.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0u008gt6051u7.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2epfhfe5im7r6.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2-kxf37eoeg7i.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0zkcxwtbsqliz.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2_itvjgqsumf8.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0be1c60akah5d.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3r5hh4t0jf4es.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3ml3vooxhiupb.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1h4wccj42vygd.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1odwrcl12kfnl.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2os7nxouq91eq.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3ht89vb0p09bm.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3ocoqwe4aht_u.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/32qmkt01ta8b2.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3jpl-42mbad5n.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1bbv7o2-m-0ni.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3xa2z7fbv2riw.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/14kf-an-d2n-e.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/43_c8pa0f3h7b.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0v4byuex1x38h.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2ydqdr10ndcei.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3zxbsyiz3sczc.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0wf9roqbn_-g4.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0gvj8_2lj8s8m.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/04zr-wqafvwoa.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0llqhg6-bxn_b.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/12eug9rydw8za.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1ku-vdy4ggo41.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0k-y_4mcfub-p.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2f1w4u-bu1c0g.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2xb8rh55xtnv4.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2dx-vzwyw9a3g.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/15t7f4xdgo4t3.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3ejt5xvpdtik0.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/14ylo6o9spr8d.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/00ol_16j3a2oa.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2vg15qyptj-oc.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1nv_h9rvn8nzl.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3l5uu1dz3xba2.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3h4suq-9gmzwh.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0yvahveev18z-.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/12_xkdi18mnhe.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1__39-dgg7p8-.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/12mv6p8rwcl5o.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/099h0ryih59qu.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2_vtmw66zj1j7.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3wqp-h5xnebw9.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2s1hkstzlmj2o.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0n-sa_i-ykj1k.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1nnw6yom6-qhh.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1lsxkfxy262n-.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3ghbpnibq2fva.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1ksyn9m68446d.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0zg1om_k0m5zv.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1pm5eegg3i3no.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/30dopbgd1dkf9.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2hbne-_09jb6_.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/43ajf4ofaeu5y.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1pnbagih46wtg.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2y341-r8ncizo.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2wp4esku6l29e.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280"],"FlashcardAccessBranch"] 37:I[315438,["/_next/static/chunks/22sb5gxku1vti.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/060-i_62-vse1.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/38-k3bl6rq3jd.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/316m85d5s15pp.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0p4rexedanx97.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0u008gt6051u7.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2epfhfe5im7r6.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2-kxf37eoeg7i.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0zkcxwtbsqliz.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2_itvjgqsumf8.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0be1c60akah5d.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3r5hh4t0jf4es.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3ml3vooxhiupb.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1h4wccj42vygd.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1odwrcl12kfnl.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2os7nxouq91eq.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3ht89vb0p09bm.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3ocoqwe4aht_u.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/32qmkt01ta8b2.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3jpl-42mbad5n.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1bbv7o2-m-0ni.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3xa2z7fbv2riw.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/14kf-an-d2n-e.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/43_c8pa0f3h7b.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0v4byuex1x38h.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2ydqdr10ndcei.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3zxbsyiz3sczc.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0wf9roqbn_-g4.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0gvj8_2lj8s8m.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/04zr-wqafvwoa.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0llqhg6-bxn_b.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/12eug9rydw8za.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1ku-vdy4ggo41.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0k-y_4mcfub-p.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2f1w4u-bu1c0g.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2xb8rh55xtnv4.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2dx-vzwyw9a3g.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/15t7f4xdgo4t3.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3ejt5xvpdtik0.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/14ylo6o9spr8d.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/00ol_16j3a2oa.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2vg15qyptj-oc.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1nv_h9rvn8nzl.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3l5uu1dz3xba2.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3h4suq-9gmzwh.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0yvahveev18z-.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/12_xkdi18mnhe.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1__39-dgg7p8-.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/12mv6p8rwcl5o.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/099h0ryih59qu.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2_vtmw66zj1j7.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3wqp-h5xnebw9.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2s1hkstzlmj2o.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0n-sa_i-ykj1k.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1nnw6yom6-qhh.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1lsxkfxy262n-.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/3ghbpnibq2fva.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1ksyn9m68446d.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/0zg1om_k0m5zv.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1pm5eegg3i3no.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/30dopbgd1dkf9.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2hbne-_09jb6_.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/43ajf4ofaeu5y.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/1pnbagih46wtg.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2y341-r8ncizo.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280","/_next/static/chunks/2wp4esku6l29e.js?dpl=nogit-1790280280"],"TopicFlashcardRunner"] 24:[["$","$L33",null,{"feature":"flashcards"}],"$L34",["$","$L35",null,{"href":"/as-level/psychology/edexcel/as-classic-study-loftus-and-palmer-1974/flashcards","label":"Classic study: Loftus and Palmer (1974)","subjectCode":"as_level_psychology","surface":"flashcards"}],["$","$L36",null,{"runner":["$","div",null,{"className":"min-h-0 flex-1 overflow-hidden bg-background","children":["$","$L37",null,{"decks":[{"id":"cc1c8583-0277-4a32-9930-9b969b699d13","title":"Classic study: Loftus and Palmer (1974) Flashcards","topicId":"273efe99-b353-564f-8524-15bf65d1faca","topicSlug":"as-classic-study-loftus-and-palmer-1974","cards":[{"id":"b6ff5fe5-66d2-427e-b560-eb12dc37d655","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What was Loftus and Palmer’s main aim?","back":"Test whether question wording affects eyewitness memory of a car accident.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Test whether question wording affects eyewitness memory of a car accident.","correct":true,"explanation":"Loftus and Palmer investigated whether changing a critical verb in a question altered participants’ speed estimates and later memories of the filmed car accident."},{"text":"Test whether witness confidence predicts eyewitness accuracy about a car accident.","correct":false,"explanation":"Confidence and accuracy were not the variables examined in this study. The main aim was to test whether question wording affects eyewitness memory of a car accident."},{"text":"Test whether viewing distance affects eyewitness memory of a car accident.","correct":false,"explanation":"Viewing distance can affect eyewitness accuracy, but Loftus and Palmer did not manipulate it. They tested whether the wording of questions influenced accident memories."},{"text":"Test whether time delay affects eyewitness memory of a car accident.","correct":false,"explanation":"Although time delay is relevant to memory research, it was not the study’s main focus. Loftus and Palmer investigated the effect of question wording."}]},{"id":"e0528a68-75a0-427c-9c91-49302469e3d7","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"How might the verb smashed affect a witness’s interpretation?","back":"It may activate a serious-crash schema.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"It may activate a serious-crash schema.","correct":true,"explanation":"The forceful verb can activate knowledge and expectations associated with a severe collision, influencing both speed estimates and the witness’s later reconstruction of the event."},{"text":"It may activate a minor-collision schema.","correct":false,"explanation":"A minor-collision schema is more likely to be activated by a milder verb such as “contacted”. The verb “smashed” may activate a serious-crash schema."},{"text":"It may activate a safe-driving schema.","correct":false,"explanation":"“Smashed” implies impact and destruction rather than safe driving. It may therefore activate a serious-crash schema that shapes the witness’s interpretation and recall."},{"text":"It may activate a routine-journey schema.","correct":false,"explanation":"A routine-journey schema does not fit the violent implications of “smashed”. The verb is likely to activate a serious-crash schema and exaggerate perceived severity."}]},{"id":"391022a0-39da-4bae-8d92-d9f660a91c10","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"A leading question [ ] or influences how someone [ ].","back":"A leading question suggests a particular answer or influences how someone interprets an event.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"A leading question suggests a particular answer or influences how someone interprets an event.","correct":true,"explanation":"Leading questions contain wording that points towards a particular response and can shape a person’s interpretation, causing memory to be reconstructed in line with that suggestion."},{"text":"A leading question avoids suggesting an answer or influences how someone accurately recalls an event.","correct":false,"explanation":"This describes neutral questioning rather than leading questioning. A leading question suggests a particular answer or influences how someone interprets an event."},{"text":"A leading question suggests a particular answer or influences how someone forgets an event entirely.","correct":false,"explanation":"Leading questions can distort interpretation and reconstruction, but they do not necessarily erase the whole event. They influence how someone interprets an event."},{"text":"A leading question requests an unbiased answer or influences how someone interprets an event.","correct":false,"explanation":"Requesting an unbiased answer would make a question neutral, not leading. A leading question suggests a particular answer and influences how the event is interpreted."}]},{"id":"cf487913-77f2-4d27-a61f-63acce801306","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"How many student participants were in Experiment 1?","back":"45 student participants.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"45 student participants.","correct":true,"explanation":"Experiment 1 used 45 American university students, who watched filmed traffic accidents and answered questions containing different critical verbs about vehicle speed."},{"text":"50 student participants.","correct":false,"explanation":"This is likely confused with the 50 participants in Experiment 2. Experiment 1 involved 45 student participants divided across five verb conditions."},{"text":"150 student participants.","correct":false,"explanation":"The larger sample of 150 students was used in Experiment 2, not Experiment 1. Experiment 1 included 45 student participants."},{"text":"40 student participants.","correct":false,"explanation":"This may result from confusing the sample size with the approximate highest speed estimate. Experiment 1 actually involved 45 student participants."}]},{"id":"bba1d98b-96f6-4fba-8986-95385750dcc7","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"In Experiment 1, the IV was the [ ]; the DV was the [ ].","back":"In Experiment 1, the IV was the verb used; the DV was the speed estimate.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"In Experiment 1, the IV was the verb used; the DV was the speed estimate.","correct":true,"explanation":"Researchers manipulated the critical verb in the speed question and measured participants’ estimated speeds, making verb used the IV and speed estimate the DV."},{"text":"In Experiment 1, the IV was the speed estimate; the DV was the verb used.","correct":false,"explanation":"This reverses the variables. The researchers manipulated the verb used, making it the IV, and measured the resulting speed estimate as the DV."},{"text":"In Experiment 1, the IV was the film duration; the DV was the speed estimate.","correct":false,"explanation":"Film duration was not systematically manipulated between conditions. The IV was the verb used in the question, while the DV was the participant’s speed estimate."},{"text":"In Experiment 1, the IV was the verb used; the DV was the broken-glass response.","correct":false,"explanation":"The broken-glass question belonged to Experiment 2. In Experiment 1, the verb used was manipulated and participants’ speed estimates were measured."}]},{"id":"50e44673-a660-4f93-85d8-ea7f92c38d3e","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"Which verb produced the highest mean speed estimate in Experiment 1?","back":"smashed - 40.8 mph.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"smashed - 40.8 mph.","correct":true,"explanation":"“Smashed” was the most dramatic verb and produced the highest mean estimate, 40.8 mph, supporting the conclusion that wording influenced participants’ judgements."},{"text":"collided - 39.3 mph.","correct":false,"explanation":"“Collided” produced the second-highest mean of 39.3 mph. The highest estimate was 40.8 mph in the “smashed” condition."},{"text":"bumped - 38.1 mph.","correct":false,"explanation":"“Bumped” produced a middle-ranking mean estimate of 38.1 mph. The “smashed” condition produced the highest mean speed estimate of 40.8 mph."},{"text":"contacted - 31.8 mph.","correct":false,"explanation":"“Contacted” was the mildest verb and produced the lowest, not highest, mean estimate. “Smashed” produced the highest mean of 40.8 mph."}]},{"id":"9749a982-1830-4500-9a69-eca13db2bbbc","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"Which verb produced the lowest mean speed estimate in Experiment 1?","back":"contacted - 31.8 mph.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"contacted - 31.8 mph.","correct":true,"explanation":"“Contacted” was the least dramatic verb and produced the lowest mean speed estimate, 31.8 mph, demonstrating the effect of wording on participants’ judgements."},{"text":"hit - 34.0 mph.","correct":false,"explanation":"“Hit” produced the second-lowest mean estimate of 34.0 mph. The lowest result was 31.8 mph for participants asked using “contacted”."},{"text":"bumped - 38.1 mph.","correct":false,"explanation":"“Bumped” produced a higher mean estimate of 38.1 mph and was not the lowest condition. “Contacted” produced the lowest mean of 31.8 mph."},{"text":"smashed - 40.8 mph.","correct":false,"explanation":"This confuses the lowest result with the highest. “Smashed” produced 40.8 mph, whereas “contacted” produced the lowest mean estimate of 31.8 mph."}]},{"id":"872d7d6c-788e-4481-9c3a-187f14cb54c9","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"In Experiment 1, more [ ] verbs produced [ ] speed estimates.","back":"In Experiment 1, more dramatic verbs produced higher speed estimates.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"In Experiment 1, more dramatic verbs produced higher speed estimates.","correct":true,"explanation":"Forceful verbs such as “smashed” implied a more severe collision and led participants to give higher estimated speeds than milder verbs such as “contacted”."},{"text":"In Experiment 1, more dramatic verbs produced lower speed estimates.","correct":false,"explanation":"This reverses the observed relationship. More dramatic verbs implied greater impact and produced higher speed estimates, with “smashed” yielding the highest mean."},{"text":"In Experiment 1, more neutral verbs produced higher speed estimates.","correct":false,"explanation":"Milder, more neutral verbs produced lower estimates rather than higher ones. More dramatic verbs led participants to report higher estimated speeds."},{"text":"In Experiment 1, more dramatic verbs produced accurate speed estimates.","correct":false,"explanation":"The study showed systematic differences between wording conditions, not that dramatic verbs improved accuracy. More dramatic verbs produced higher speed estimates."}]},{"id":"26793e30-58e8-4758-947d-40b71d1061cb","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What did Experiment 1 conclude about question wording?","back":"Question wording influenced speed estimates.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Question wording influenced speed estimates.","correct":true,"explanation":"The different verbs produced systematically different speed estimates, showing that the wording of a question can influence an eyewitness’s numerical judgement."},{"text":"Question wording did not affect speed estimates.","correct":false,"explanation":"The verbs produced different mean speed estimates, so wording did have an effect. Experiment 1 concluded that question wording influenced participants’ speed estimates."},{"text":"Question wording influenced collision recall only.","correct":false,"explanation":"Experiment 1 measured estimated vehicle speed rather than later recall of collision details. It concluded that question wording influenced speed estimates."},{"text":"Question wording influenced actual driving speeds.","correct":false,"explanation":"Participants watched filmed collisions and did not drive the vehicles, so their wording could not affect actual speeds. Question wording influenced their speed estimates."}]},{"id":"d7e6476d-1399-4171-b71c-06054648f021","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why was Experiment 2 needed after Experiment 1?","back":"To test response bias versus memory alteration.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"To test response bias versus memory alteration.","correct":true,"explanation":"Experiment 1 could not establish whether verbs merely changed participants’ answers or altered their memories. Experiment 2 distinguished response bias from memory alteration."},{"text":"To test speed perception versus driving ability.","correct":false,"explanation":"The follow-up did not assess driving skill. It tested whether the verb caused a temporary response bias or genuinely altered participants’ memory of the collision."},{"text":"To test participant age versus gender differences.","correct":false,"explanation":"Age and gender were not the competing explanations investigated. Experiment 2 was designed to distinguish response bias from an actual alteration of memory."},{"text":"To test film realism versus crash severity.","correct":false,"explanation":"The study did not manipulate film realism or compare levels of real crash severity. It tested response bias against memory alteration as explanations for Experiment 1."}]},{"id":"6935e549-cbea-4dca-a828-ed75d91e813a","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"How many student participants were in Experiment 2?","back":"150 student participants.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"150 student participants.","correct":true,"explanation":"Experiment 2 used 150 student participants, allowing Loftus and Palmer to allocate 50 participants to each of its three experimental conditions."},{"text":"50 student participants.","correct":false,"explanation":"Fifty was the number assigned to each condition, not the total sample. With three conditions, Experiment 2 involved 150 student participants altogether."},{"text":"45 student participants.","correct":false,"explanation":"Forty-five was the sample size in Experiment 1, which is easily confused with the follow-up. Experiment 2 instead used 150 student participants."},{"text":"100 student participants.","correct":false,"explanation":"One hundred omits one of the three groups of 50 participants. Experiment 2 had three conditions and therefore included 150 student participants in total."}]},{"id":"c98a8b15-bc8e-4ccb-89e6-bfa175cbc181","cardType":"basic","points":3,"front":"What were the three conditions in Experiment 2?","back":"

smashed speed question
hit speed question
control - no speed question

","mcqOptions":[{"text":"

smashed speed question
hit speed question
control - no speed question

","correct":true,"explanation":"Participants were divided between a smashed-question group, a hit-question group and a control group that received no question about speed."},{"text":"

smashed speed question
collided speed question
control - no speed question

","correct":false,"explanation":"Collided was among the verbs used in Experiment 1, not a condition in Experiment 2. The follow-up used smashed, hit and a no-speed-question control."},{"text":"

smashed speed question
hit speed question
control - neutral speed question

","correct":false,"explanation":"The control group was not given a neutral speed question; it received no speed question. The other conditions used the verbs smashed and hit."},{"text":"

collided speed question
contacted speed question
control - no speed question

","correct":false,"explanation":"Collided and contacted were verbs from Experiment 1 rather than the two manipulated conditions here. Experiment 2 used smashed, hit and a no-speed-question control."}]},{"id":"7c32845d-6c97-42a0-9dd7-f04dc095d4e8","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"One week later, participants were asked: [ ] There was [ ] in the film.","back":"One week later, participants were asked: Did you see any broken glass? There was no broken glass in the film.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"One week later, participants were asked: Did you see any broken glass? There was no broken glass in the film.","correct":true,"explanation":"After one week, participants were asked whether they had seen any broken glass. No broken glass had appeared, so affirmative responses indicated false recall."},{"text":"One week later, participants were asked: Did you see the broken glass? There was no broken glass in the film.","correct":false,"explanation":"The wording used any broken glass rather than the broken glass, avoiding a definite suggestion that it existed. In fact, no broken glass appeared in the film."},{"text":"One week later, participants were asked: Did you see any broken glass? There was broken glass in the film.","correct":false,"explanation":"The question about broken glass is accurate, but the film contained none. This absence made reports of seeing glass evidence of a false memory."},{"text":"One week later, participants were asked: Was the car travelling quickly? There was broken glass in the film.","correct":false,"explanation":"The delayed critical question concerned broken glass, not whether the car was travelling quickly. Crucially, no broken glass was actually shown in the film."}]},{"id":"21a6878e-11dd-4498-8f76-cd6a6744be9c","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"In Experiment 2, [ ] of the smashed group and [ ] of the hit group reported broken glass.","back":"In Experiment 2, 32% of the smashed group and 14% of the hit group reported broken glass.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"In Experiment 2, 32% of the smashed group and 14% of the hit group reported broken glass.","correct":true,"explanation":"The smashed condition produced the highest false-memory rate: 32% reported glass, compared with 14% in the hit group and 12% in the control group."},{"text":"In Experiment 2, 14% of the smashed group and 32% of the hit group reported broken glass.","correct":false,"explanation":"This reverses the two experimental groups. The stronger verb smashed produced 32% reports of broken glass, whereas the hit condition produced 14%."},{"text":"In Experiment 2, 32% of the smashed group and 12% of the hit group reported broken glass.","correct":false,"explanation":"Twelve per cent was the control group’s result, not the hit group’s. The smashed and hit groups reported broken glass at rates of 32% and 14% respectively."},{"text":"In Experiment 2, 16% of the smashed group and 7% of the hit group reported broken glass.","correct":false,"explanation":"These values incorrectly halve both reported percentages. The actual results were 32% for the smashed group and 14% for the hit group."}]},{"id":"2fdd7095-5d99-4f8d-a6e0-3cb0fb0520fa","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What percentage of the control group reported broken glass in Experiment 2?","back":"12%.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"12%.","correct":true,"explanation":"In the control condition, 12% reported seeing broken glass. This was slightly below the hit group’s 14% and well below the smashed group’s 32%."},{"text":"14%.","correct":false,"explanation":"Fourteen per cent was the result for the hit group, not the control group. The control group’s reported broken-glass rate was 12%."},{"text":"32%.","correct":false,"explanation":"Thirty-two per cent was recorded in the smashed condition, where the strongest verb increased false recall. Only 12% of the control group reported broken glass."},{"text":"50%.","correct":false,"explanation":"Fifty per cent describes the proportion of participants allocated to none of these conditions and is not a reported result. The control group figure was 12%."}]},{"id":"20a06935-035e-469c-b6e4-5eab747339fa","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What did Experiment 2 suggest about the word smashed?","back":"It increased false memory for broken glass.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"It increased false memory for broken glass.","correct":true,"explanation":"Participants exposed to smashed were more likely to report nonexistent glass a week later, suggesting that post-event wording can become integrated into and alter memory."},{"text":"It reduced false memory for broken glass.","correct":false,"explanation":"The smashed group reported nonexistent glass more often, so the word did not reduce false memory. It increased false memory for broken glass."},{"text":"It had no effect on memory for broken glass.","correct":false,"explanation":"The higher false-report rate in the smashed condition shows that the word had an effect. It increased false memory for broken glass rather than leaving recall unchanged."},{"text":"It improved accurate memory for broken glass.","correct":false,"explanation":"Reporting glass that was never present represents inaccurate rather than improved memory. The word smashed increased false memory for broken glass."}]},{"id":"d2f3f313-075c-461a-a869-1ad897becf86","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why does response bias fit Experiment 1 well?","back":"Speed estimates were made immediately after the leading verb.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Speed estimates were made immediately after the leading verb.","correct":true,"explanation":"An immediate estimate could reflect participants adjusting their response to match the verb’s implied speed, rather than the verb changing their long-term memory."},{"text":"Speed estimates were made one week after the leading verb.","correct":false,"explanation":"A delayed response would allow memory alteration to develop, rather than fitting a simple immediate response bias. Experiment 1 collected speed estimates immediately after participants encountered the leading verb."},{"text":"Speed estimates were made before participants saw the leading verb.","correct":false,"explanation":"The verb could not bias an estimate made before it was presented. Participants actually estimated speed immediately after the leading verb, allowing its wording to influence their response."},{"text":"Speed estimates were made immediately after a neutral question.","correct":false,"explanation":"A neutral question would not create the response bias being investigated. The estimates followed a leading verb whose implied severity could encourage participants to report a matching speed."}]},{"id":"95aedb42-95bc-4462-88dc-5454579b89fe","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why does Experiment 2 better support memory alteration?","back":"Participants later reported non-existent broken glass.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Participants later reported non-existent broken glass.","correct":true,"explanation":"Reporting broken glass that was absent from the film suggests the verb altered participants’ memory of the accident, rather than merely changing an immediate numerical estimate."},{"text":"Participants immediately reported higher estimated speeds.","correct":false,"explanation":"Higher immediate estimates can be explained by response bias without genuine memory change. Experiment 2 provides stronger evidence because participants later recalled broken glass that had never appeared."},{"text":"Participants later recalled the correct collision speed.","correct":false,"explanation":"Accurately recalling a speed would not demonstrate memory distortion. The stronger evidence was participants’ later report of non-existent broken glass after receiving misleading wording."},{"text":"Participants immediately noticed the leading question.","correct":false,"explanation":"Noticing suggestive wording would indicate awareness of the procedure, not altered memory. Experiment 2 supports alteration because participants later reported broken glass that was not present."}]},{"id":"ecccced5-f795-4237-b7c3-18b7e57119c4","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"Loftus and Palmer used a [ ], giving high [ ].","back":"Loftus and Palmer used a laboratory experiment, giving high control.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Loftus and Palmer used a laboratory experiment, giving high control.","correct":true,"explanation":"A laboratory experiment allowed Loftus and Palmer to standardise the films, questions and procedure, producing high control over extraneous variables and supporting causal conclusions."},{"text":"Loftus and Palmer used a field experiment, giving high control.","correct":false,"explanation":"The study did not manipulate questioning in a natural real-world setting. It was a laboratory experiment, which gave researchers high control over materials and procedures."},{"text":"Loftus and Palmer used a laboratory experiment, giving high ecological validity.","correct":false,"explanation":"Laboratory procedures usually increase control, not ecological validity. Watching filmed crashes was artificial, so the study had high control but relatively low ecological validity."},{"text":"Loftus and Palmer used a natural experiment, giving high ecological validity.","correct":false,"explanation":"The researchers directly manipulated the critical verb, so this was not a natural experiment. It was a laboratory experiment providing high control rather than high ecological validity."}]},{"id":"a6ef3494-75ae-4d81-9f70-7de4424bfcfb","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"How did standardised films and questions improve internal validity?","back":"Differences were more likely due to the verb used.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Differences were more likely due to the verb used.","correct":true,"explanation":"Keeping the films and questions standardised meant the critical verb was the main systematic difference between conditions, strengthening the conclusion that it caused differences in responses."},{"text":"Differences were more likely due to the film watched.","correct":false,"explanation":"Standardising the films reduced the chance that different crash footage caused the results. Therefore, differences between conditions were more likely due to the verb used."},{"text":"Differences were more likely due to the participant selected.","correct":false,"explanation":"Individual differences remained possible but were not the intended cause of condition differences. Standardisation increased confidence that the manipulated verb, rather than participant selection, affected responses."},{"text":"Differences were more likely due to the question order.","correct":false,"explanation":"The procedure and questions were standardised, so question order was controlled rather than a competing explanation. This made the verb used the more likely cause of differences."}]},{"id":"c6067926-9395-46c3-b113-a699fd444f8a","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"How can Loftus and Palmer’s findings improve police interviews?","back":"Avoid leading questions; use neutral prompts.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Avoid leading questions; use neutral prompts.","correct":true,"explanation":"Leading wording can distort an eyewitness’s estimate or later memory. Police should therefore use neutral, open prompts that do not imply details or a preferred answer."},{"text":"Avoid open questions; use leading prompts.","correct":false,"explanation":"This reverses the appropriate interviewing practice because leading prompts can introduce misinformation. Police should avoid leading questions and use neutral prompts to reduce memory distortion."},{"text":"Avoid neutral questions; use repeated prompts.","correct":false,"explanation":"Neutral wording helps prevent interviewer expectations from shaping recall, while repetition may pressure witnesses to change answers. Police should avoid leading questions and use neutral prompts."},{"text":"Avoid delayed questions; use forceful prompts.","correct":false,"explanation":"Although delay can reduce recall accuracy, forceful wording risks creating additional distortion. The study specifically supports avoiding leading questions and using neutral prompts."}]},{"id":"e204dcea-f3c8-48a3-a8b7-9b9f6dc70c23","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"Ecological validity was low because participants watched [ ], not [ ].","back":"Ecological validity was low because participants watched film clips, not real accidents.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Ecological validity was low because participants watched film clips, not real accidents.","correct":true,"explanation":"Watching a recorded collision lacks the emotional involvement and unexpected nature of witnessing an actual crash, so participants’ behaviour may not represent real eyewitness memory."},{"text":"Ecological validity was low because participants watched real accidents, not film clips.","correct":false,"explanation":"This reverses the procedure: participants viewed recorded traffic accidents rather than witnessing real ones. That artificial task is why the study’s ecological validity was low."},{"text":"Ecological validity was low because participants watched film clips, not word lists.","correct":false,"explanation":"Word lists would be even less representative of eyewitness testimony and were not the relevant real-world comparison. Participants watched film clips rather than experiencing real accidents."},{"text":"Ecological validity was low because participants watched live interviews, not real accidents.","correct":false,"explanation":"Participants did not watch live interviews; they viewed film clips of traffic accidents. The lack of direct involvement in a real accident reduced ecological validity."}]},{"id":"9aae984d-d304-48a0-92ca-e464fcf5412e","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why are demand characteristics especially relevant to Experiment 1?","back":"Participants may match answers to researcher expectations.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Participants may match answers to researcher expectations.","correct":true,"explanation":"The different verbs implied different speeds, so participants might infer the study’s aim and adjust their estimates to match what they believed the researchers expected."},{"text":"Participants may match answers to official speed limits.","correct":false,"explanation":"Using familiar speed limits would be a judgement strategy, not a demand characteristic. The concern is that participants matched estimates to perceived researcher expectations implied by the verbs."},{"text":"Participants may match answers to other participants’ estimates.","correct":false,"explanation":"Participants were not answering through group discussion, so conformity to others’ estimates is not the key issue. They may instead have responded according to perceived researcher expectations."},{"text":"Participants may match answers to their driving experience.","correct":false,"explanation":"Driving experience could influence speed judgement as an individual difference, but it is not a demand characteristic. Demand characteristics involve matching responses to perceived researcher expectations."}]},{"id":"7bed36dc-fed9-496c-8476-f012fdfcd89a","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Which statistical test fits association between question condition and broken-glass response?","back":"Chi-square, because both variables are categorical.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Chi-square, because both variables are categorical.","correct":true,"explanation":"Question condition and broken-glass response are both nominal categories, so chi-square can test whether the distribution of yes and no responses is associated with condition."},{"text":"Spearman’s rho, because both variables are categorical.","correct":false,"explanation":"Spearman’s rho tests a correlation between paired ordinal or ranked scores, not an association between nominal categories. Chi-square is appropriate because both variables are categorical."},{"text":"Related t-test, because both variables are categorical.","correct":false,"explanation":"A related t-test compares two sets of interval-level scores from related participants, not frequencies across categories. Chi-square fits the categorical condition and response data."},{"text":"Mann-Whitney U, because both variables are categorical.","correct":false,"explanation":"Mann-Whitney U compares ordinal or continuous scores from two independent groups. Here, both variables are categorical, so the appropriate test is chi-square."}]}]}],"examCountdown":{"examDate":"2027-05-10","paperLabel":"Paper 1"},"heading":"Classic study: Loftus and Palmer (1974)","title":"Classic study: Loftus and Palmer (1974) Flashcards","topbar":{"backHref":"/as-level/psychology/edexcel/flashcards"},"topicSidebar":"$L38"}]}],"topicId":"273efe99-b353-564f-8524-15bf65d1faca","walled":"$L39"}],"$L3a","$L3b"]