A sports psychologist is researching how different pre-race visualization techniques affect the performance of competitive sprinters. Half of the sprinters are instructed to use 'outcome-focused' visualization (picturing themselves crossing the finish line first) and the other half use 'process-focused' visualization (picturing their stride and breathing technique). The psychologist records each sprinter's 100-meter dash time. Additionally, the psychologist gathers qualitative data by asking the sprinters to write a brief, open-ended reflection in a journal immediately after their run about their focus and anxiety levels during the race.