In Experiment 2 of Loftus and Palmer’s (1974) study on the reliability of eyewitness testimony, which of the following correctly identifies the independent variable (IV) and the primary dependent variable (DV)?
IV: The verb used in the speed question ('smashed', 'hit', or no speed question); DV: Whether participants reported seeing broken glass one week later.
IV: The presence of broken glass in the film clips; DV: The speed estimates given by participants immediately after.
IV: The time interval between watching the video and answering questions (1 day vs. 1 week); DV: The accuracy of the description of the car crash.
IV: The verb used in the speed question ('smashed' vs. 'hit'); DV: The estimated speed of the vehicles one week later.
