Researchers investigated how prosocial sharing behavior develops from early childhood into adulthood across different cultural contexts. They sampled 320 children and 180 adults from two distinct socio-cultural environments: an individualistic metropolitan environment (Urban New York, USA) and a traditional, collectivist agricultural environment (Rural Oaxaca, Mexico).
To assess prosociality, participants completed a resource distribution task where they were given a set of valuable tokens (redeemable for rewards) and decided whether to share at least half of their tokens with an anonymous peer (the prosocial option) or keep them all for themselves.
| Age | Urban New York (%) | Rural Oaxaca (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 6 | 20 | 60 |
| 7 | 22 | 58 |
| 8 | 25 | 55 |
| 9 | 28 | 50 |
| 10 | 35 | 42 |
| 11 | 42 | 30 |
| 12 | 50 | 20 |
| 13 | 58 | 15 |
| 14 | 65 | 10 |
| 15 | 70 | 8 |
| 17 | 75 | 5 |
| Adult | 35 | 80 |
Analyse the data in Table 1 to explain two conclusions that the researchers investigating prosocial sharing and culture might draw from these results.
205 exam-style questions on Edexcel A Level Psychology Content, covering Main features of classical conditioning, Pavlov (1927) salivation in dogs, Main features of operant conditioning, Properties of reinforcement, Behaviour modification and shaping, Main features of social learning theory, Social learning stages, Bandura (1961, 1963) Bobo doll experiments, Bandura (1965) vicarious reinforcement, Learning theories and phobias, Treatments for phobias, Individual differences, and Developmental psychology. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.