Marcus investigated the effect of background music style on reading comprehension. He used an opportunity sampling technique to recruit 24 participants. Marcus allocated his participants randomly to one of two conditions. Condition A: participants read a 500-word article for 5 minutes while listening to background pop music with lyrics. Condition B: participants read the same 500-word article for 5 minutes while listening to background instrumental classical music without lyrics. Marcus recorded the participants' scores on a 10-item comprehension questionnaire completed immediately after reading.
State the fully operationalised independent variable (IV) and dependent variable (DV) in Marcus's investigation.
186 exam-style questions on Edexcel A Level Psychology Research methods and skills, covering Research methods and skills. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.