Van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg (1988) conducted a landmark meta-analysis of 32 studies using the Strange Situation to investigate cultural variations in attachment. Which of the following statements correctly describes the quantitative findings of this meta-analysis?
The variation in attachment patterns between different countries (inter-cultural variation) was found to be approximately 1.51.51.5 times greater than the variation within individual countries (intra-cultural variation).
Insecure-avoidant (Type A\text{Type A}Type A) attachment was extremely rare across all European samples, never exceeding 10%10\%10% in any Western European country studied.
Secure attachment (Type B\text{Type B}Type B) was the modal classification in every country studied, with the highest proportion observed in Great Britain (approximately 75%75\%75%) and the lowest in China (approximately 50%50\%50%).
The proportion of insecure-resistant (Type C\text{Type C}Type C) attachment was significantly higher in individualist Western European countries, such as West Germany, than in collectivist cultures like Japan and Israel.
69 exam-style questions on AQA A Level Psychology Strange Situation and cultural variations. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.