33:I[196793,["/_next/static/chunks/1sdegt_8z-iom.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2_6olli-sutu3.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0z347qy8pf1j3.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/02eggfg7vwd9q.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2w4kwgresczw5.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2xa0kylife8l8.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2lsi6eli88uwt.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0zkcxwtbsqliz.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3nuk25nk7d14i.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/11md10s8bxc41.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1j5h__1z96nq5.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/38w1x0vrld4-w.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0myxz4gywm9of.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2_v9g5x0fx29m.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/43foremeik-jk.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/230359bhbwn7h.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3ml3vooxhiupb.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/11kq2otno6-oj.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3v26kz_8xjyfu.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/04zr-wqafvwoa.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/10j6l_dhgof6p.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2mv9l1xl_aa4j.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3_4bswc9ng3be.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3adfywl6-8_k3.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/21l8cb-spx64y.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0v4byuex1x38h.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/04wg1hnm8knmc.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/132xfl2qnmb19.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0llqhg6-bxn_b.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1ku-vdy4ggo41.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2p5xv3ji4tpih.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2dx-vzwyw9a3g.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2a2ryz-j6u084.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3zf7j62u5jl5c.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0k-y_4mcfub-p.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0qxbnsp2nqr5o.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3it1o0ex-l5qz.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0i8v_bvzchj31.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1qmk7x_kcz83j.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1u3eptdza7lch.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2e31ygy8ebm1u.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1w193fj-lcfgs.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3lm048uldjetf.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3ibs-m0_upaf_.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/00k10pkv-tsak.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/12rdo7yi_xy67.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2mo9ebbh204wz.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3nf2x6twjh_38.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/05c0se-tq2ipz.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/40mvjd0jr_7d7.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/27v_78eh3l1dt.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3l0sm7fu8c2ni.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1hgfhws62t1s5.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2-1ciy1x4js7n.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0zg1om_k0m5zv.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0g1nv87sz_mxq.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/30u3fsn115_1j.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1vjwc_dfj8v1b.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3r8bletse_1-h.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1ksyn9m68446d.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/32s6q_rspd3hd.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538"],"Gingerbread"] 35:I[647935,["/_next/static/chunks/1sdegt_8z-iom.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2_6olli-sutu3.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0z347qy8pf1j3.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/02eggfg7vwd9q.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2w4kwgresczw5.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2xa0kylife8l8.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2lsi6eli88uwt.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0zkcxwtbsqliz.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3nuk25nk7d14i.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/11md10s8bxc41.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1j5h__1z96nq5.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/38w1x0vrld4-w.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0myxz4gywm9of.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2_v9g5x0fx29m.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/43foremeik-jk.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/230359bhbwn7h.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3ml3vooxhiupb.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/11kq2otno6-oj.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3v26kz_8xjyfu.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/04zr-wqafvwoa.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/10j6l_dhgof6p.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2mv9l1xl_aa4j.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3_4bswc9ng3be.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3adfywl6-8_k3.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/21l8cb-spx64y.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0v4byuex1x38h.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/04wg1hnm8knmc.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/132xfl2qnmb19.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0llqhg6-bxn_b.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1ku-vdy4ggo41.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2p5xv3ji4tpih.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2dx-vzwyw9a3g.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2a2ryz-j6u084.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3zf7j62u5jl5c.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0k-y_4mcfub-p.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0qxbnsp2nqr5o.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3it1o0ex-l5qz.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0i8v_bvzchj31.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1qmk7x_kcz83j.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1u3eptdza7lch.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2e31ygy8ebm1u.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1w193fj-lcfgs.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3lm048uldjetf.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3ibs-m0_upaf_.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/00k10pkv-tsak.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/12rdo7yi_xy67.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2mo9ebbh204wz.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3nf2x6twjh_38.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/05c0se-tq2ipz.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/40mvjd0jr_7d7.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/27v_78eh3l1dt.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3l0sm7fu8c2ni.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1hgfhws62t1s5.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2-1ciy1x4js7n.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0zg1om_k0m5zv.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0g1nv87sz_mxq.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/30u3fsn115_1j.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1vjwc_dfj8v1b.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3r8bletse_1-h.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1ksyn9m68446d.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/32s6q_rspd3hd.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538"],"RecordResourceResume"] 36:I[830476,["/_next/static/chunks/1sdegt_8z-iom.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2_6olli-sutu3.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0z347qy8pf1j3.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/02eggfg7vwd9q.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2w4kwgresczw5.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2xa0kylife8l8.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2lsi6eli88uwt.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0zkcxwtbsqliz.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3nuk25nk7d14i.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/11md10s8bxc41.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1j5h__1z96nq5.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/38w1x0vrld4-w.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0myxz4gywm9of.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2_v9g5x0fx29m.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/43foremeik-jk.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/230359bhbwn7h.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3ml3vooxhiupb.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/11kq2otno6-oj.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3v26kz_8xjyfu.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/04zr-wqafvwoa.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/10j6l_dhgof6p.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2mv9l1xl_aa4j.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3_4bswc9ng3be.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3adfywl6-8_k3.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/21l8cb-spx64y.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0v4byuex1x38h.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/04wg1hnm8knmc.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/132xfl2qnmb19.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0llqhg6-bxn_b.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1ku-vdy4ggo41.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2p5xv3ji4tpih.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2dx-vzwyw9a3g.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2a2ryz-j6u084.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3zf7j62u5jl5c.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0k-y_4mcfub-p.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0qxbnsp2nqr5o.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3it1o0ex-l5qz.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0i8v_bvzchj31.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1qmk7x_kcz83j.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1u3eptdza7lch.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2e31ygy8ebm1u.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1w193fj-lcfgs.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3lm048uldjetf.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3ibs-m0_upaf_.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/00k10pkv-tsak.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/12rdo7yi_xy67.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2mo9ebbh204wz.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3nf2x6twjh_38.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/05c0se-tq2ipz.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/40mvjd0jr_7d7.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/27v_78eh3l1dt.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3l0sm7fu8c2ni.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1hgfhws62t1s5.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2-1ciy1x4js7n.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0zg1om_k0m5zv.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0g1nv87sz_mxq.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/30u3fsn115_1j.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1vjwc_dfj8v1b.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3r8bletse_1-h.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1ksyn9m68446d.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/32s6q_rspd3hd.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538"],"FlashcardAccessBranch"] 37:I[315438,["/_next/static/chunks/1sdegt_8z-iom.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2_6olli-sutu3.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0z347qy8pf1j3.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/02eggfg7vwd9q.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2w4kwgresczw5.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2xa0kylife8l8.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2lsi6eli88uwt.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0zkcxwtbsqliz.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3nuk25nk7d14i.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/11md10s8bxc41.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1j5h__1z96nq5.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/38w1x0vrld4-w.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0myxz4gywm9of.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2_v9g5x0fx29m.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/43foremeik-jk.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/230359bhbwn7h.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3ml3vooxhiupb.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/11kq2otno6-oj.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3v26kz_8xjyfu.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/04zr-wqafvwoa.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/10j6l_dhgof6p.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2mv9l1xl_aa4j.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3_4bswc9ng3be.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3adfywl6-8_k3.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/21l8cb-spx64y.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0v4byuex1x38h.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/04wg1hnm8knmc.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/132xfl2qnmb19.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0llqhg6-bxn_b.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1ku-vdy4ggo41.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2p5xv3ji4tpih.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2dx-vzwyw9a3g.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2a2ryz-j6u084.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3zf7j62u5jl5c.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0k-y_4mcfub-p.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0qxbnsp2nqr5o.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3it1o0ex-l5qz.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0i8v_bvzchj31.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1qmk7x_kcz83j.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1u3eptdza7lch.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2e31ygy8ebm1u.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1w193fj-lcfgs.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3lm048uldjetf.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3ibs-m0_upaf_.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/00k10pkv-tsak.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/12rdo7yi_xy67.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2mo9ebbh204wz.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3nf2x6twjh_38.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/05c0se-tq2ipz.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/40mvjd0jr_7d7.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/27v_78eh3l1dt.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3l0sm7fu8c2ni.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1hgfhws62t1s5.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/2-1ciy1x4js7n.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0zg1om_k0m5zv.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/0g1nv87sz_mxq.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/30u3fsn115_1j.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1vjwc_dfj8v1b.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/3r8bletse_1-h.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/1ksyn9m68446d.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538","/_next/static/chunks/32s6q_rspd3hd.js?dpl=nogit-1792139538"],"TopicFlashcardRunner"] 24:[["$","$L33",null,{"feature":"flashcards"}],"$L34",["$","$L35",null,{"href":"/a-level/physics/aqa/fields-a-level-only/flashcards","label":"Fields (A-level only)","subjectCode":"a_level_physics__aqa","surface":"flashcards"}],["$","$L36",null,{"runner":["$","div",null,{"className":"min-h-0 flex-1 overflow-hidden bg-background","children":["$","$L37",null,{"decks":[{"id":"2da2c784-38fe-4eb7-96ae-a0f1573d72d3","title":"Fields (A-level only) Flashcards","topicId":"f1f76e91-502c-504a-a730-483df3fdbe90","topicSlug":"fields-a-level-only","cards":[{"id":"2b283354-5ee6-4137-ac40-fe958d86cbb8","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"A force field is a region of space where an object experiences a [ ].","back":"A force field is a region of space where an object experiences a non-contact force.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"non-contact force","correct":true,"explanation":"A force field allows an object with the relevant property to experience a force without physical contact, such as gravitational, electrostatic or magnetic force."},{"text":"contact force","correct":false,"explanation":"Contact forces require objects or surfaces to touch, whereas a force field produces a non-contact force acting across a distance."},{"text":"resultant force","correct":false,"explanation":"A resultant force is the overall force after combining all forces on an object. A force field is defined by the presence of a non-contact force."},{"text":"frictional force","correct":false,"explanation":"Friction is a contact force between surfaces, so it does not define a force field. An object in a force field experiences a non-contact force."}]},{"id":"bbde0ed6-6115-4ad0-8bcf-cfe1e9763f95","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What property creates a gravitational field?","back":"Mass.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Mass.","correct":true,"explanation":"Mass is the source property of a gravitational field. Any object with mass creates a gravitational field and can experience gravitational forces in another mass’s field."},{"text":"Weight.","correct":false,"explanation":"Weight is the gravitational force experienced by a mass, not the property that produces the field. Mass is the source of a gravitational field."},{"text":"Charge.","correct":false,"explanation":"Charge creates an electric field rather than a gravitational field. A gravitational field is created by mass."},{"text":"Density.","correct":false,"explanation":"Density describes mass per unit volume and can affect how mass is distributed, but mass itself is the property that creates a gravitational field."}]},{"id":"59601839-bee7-4176-963d-60656605dc1c","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What property creates an electrostatic field?","back":"Static charge.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Static charge.","correct":true,"explanation":"A stationary electric charge produces an electrostatic field around it. Another charge placed in that field experiences an electrostatic force."},{"text":"Magnetic flux.","correct":false,"explanation":"Magnetic flux measures the magnetic field passing through an area; it is not the source of an electrostatic field. Static charge creates an electrostatic field."},{"text":"Linear momentum.","correct":false,"explanation":"Linear momentum describes an object’s motion and does not produce an electrostatic field. The source property for an electrostatic field is static charge."},{"text":"Mass density.","correct":false,"explanation":"Mass density concerns the distribution of mass and is associated with gravitational effects, not electrostatic fields. An electrostatic field is created by static charge."}]},{"id":"c62e0df6-053c-4c40-85bc-bb3301a070b1","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What creates a magnetic field?","back":"Moving charge.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Moving charge.","correct":true,"explanation":"Moving electric charges produce magnetic fields. An electric current is a flow of charge, so a current-carrying conductor creates a magnetic field around it."},{"text":"Static charge.","correct":false,"explanation":"A stationary charge creates an electrostatic field but does not by itself create a magnetic field. Magnetic fields are produced by moving charge."},{"text":"Stationary mass.","correct":false,"explanation":"Mass creates a gravitational field, not a magnetic field. A magnetic field is produced by moving electric charge, such as charge flowing in a current."},{"text":"Electric potential.","correct":false,"explanation":"Electric potential is energy transferred per unit charge and describes an electric field; it is not the source of a magnetic field. Moving charge is the source."}]},{"id":"a7cb89ec-2a19-4642-b320-92a5ab31b3ae","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"To feel a field, an object must have the same [ ] that creates that field.","back":"To feel a field, an object must have the same property that creates that field.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"property","correct":true,"explanation":"An object responds to a field only if it possesses the relevant source property: mass for gravity, charge for electrostatic fields, or moving charge for magnetic interactions."},{"text":"force","correct":false,"explanation":"Force is the interaction produced by a field, not the required characteristic of the object. The object must possess the same relevant property that creates the field."},{"text":"direction","correct":false,"explanation":"Direction describes how a vector acts but does not determine whether an object interacts with a field. The object must possess the relevant field-producing property."},{"text":"potential","correct":false,"explanation":"Potential describes stored energy per unit mass or charge within a field, rather than the required characteristic. An object must have the relevant source property."}]},{"id":"d3f28173-5049-49f4-bd82-15543c62c114","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why is a force field a vector field?","back":"A field describes a force, which has magnitude and direction.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"A field describes a force, which has magnitude and direction.","correct":true,"explanation":"Force is a vector quantity because it has both magnitude and direction. Since a force field specifies the force at each point, it is a vector field."},{"text":"A field describes an energy, which has magnitude and direction.","correct":false,"explanation":"Energy is a scalar quantity with magnitude but no direction, so it cannot explain why a force field is vectorial. A force has magnitude and direction."},{"text":"A field describes a potential, which has magnitude and direction.","correct":false,"explanation":"Potential is a scalar quantity and therefore has no direction. A force field is a vector field because it describes force, which has magnitude and direction."},{"text":"A field describes a distance, which has magnitude and direction.","correct":false,"explanation":"Distance is a scalar quantity and has no direction; displacement would be the corresponding vector. A force field is vectorial because force has magnitude and direction."}]},{"id":"996788b6-5f93-40e1-8de8-5c014d5bd2eb","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What do arrows on field lines show?","back":"The direction of force on a test object.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"The direction of force on a test object.","correct":true,"explanation":"A field line arrow points in the direction of the force that would act on the defined test object, such as a positive test charge."},{"text":"The direction of motion of a test object.","correct":false,"explanation":"An object’s existing velocity may point differently from the force, so its motion need not follow the arrow. The arrow shows the direction of force on a test object."},{"text":"The path of motion of a test object.","correct":false,"explanation":"Field lines do not necessarily trace an object’s path because inertia and other forces affect its motion. Their arrows show the direction of force on a test object."},{"text":"The direction of increasing potential from a test object.","correct":false,"explanation":"Field direction is generally towards decreasing potential, not increasing potential. More directly, each arrow shows the direction of force on the appropriate test object."}]},{"id":"ee0e6964-c6e2-47d3-897c-d937e2e7c2f2","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What does closer field line spacing indicate?","back":"A stronger field.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"A stronger field.","correct":true,"explanation":"Field-line density represents field strength. Where the lines are closer together, more field lines pass through a given area, indicating a stronger field."},{"text":"A weaker field.","correct":false,"explanation":"This reverses the field-line convention: widely spaced lines indicate a weaker field. Closer field-line spacing represents a stronger field."},{"text":"A higher potential.","correct":false,"explanation":"Line spacing represents field strength, not the value of potential. Closely spaced field lines indicate a stronger field, while potential is represented using equipotential lines."},{"text":"A more uniform field.","correct":false,"explanation":"Uniformity is shown by field lines remaining parallel and equally spaced across a region. Closer spacing by itself indicates a stronger field."}]},{"id":"68dc5d49-e573-4495-aacd-10e4765cb7be","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"Which way do gravitational field lines point near a mass?","back":"Towards the mass.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Towards the mass.","correct":true,"explanation":"Gravitational forces are always attractive, so a test mass experiences force towards the source mass. Gravitational field lines therefore point radially inwards."},{"text":"Away from the mass.","correct":false,"explanation":"This treats gravity as repulsive, but gravitational forces between masses are attractive. A test mass accelerates towards the source, so the field lines point towards it."},{"text":"Clockwise around the mass.","correct":false,"explanation":"This confuses a radial gravitational field with a circulating field pattern. Gravity attracts a test mass directly towards the source, so field lines point towards the mass."},{"text":"Parallel to the mass.","correct":false,"explanation":"Field direction is defined by the force on a test mass, not by an orientation parallel to the source. That force is attractive and points towards the mass."}]},{"id":"01de5fc7-a1c2-4e89-9db8-1c478b5be81b","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"Which way do electric field lines point near a positive charge?","back":"Away from the positive charge.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Away from the positive charge.","correct":true,"explanation":"Electric field direction is the direction of force on a positive test charge. Positive charges repel it, so field lines point away from the positive source charge."},{"text":"Towards the positive charge.","correct":false,"explanation":"This reverses the conventional field direction. A positive source repels a positive test charge, so electric field lines point away from the positive charge."},{"text":"Clockwise around the positive charge.","correct":false,"explanation":"This confuses the radial electric field of a point charge with a circulating field. A positive test charge is repelled radially, so lines point away from the source."},{"text":"Parallel to the positive charge.","correct":false,"explanation":"A point charge has no axis for field lines to follow in parallel. Its field is radial, and a positive test charge moves away from the positive source."}]},{"id":"85bfbb5c-7f22-46ca-93e3-dd2941db32b3","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"Which way do electric field lines point near a negative charge?","back":"Towards the negative charge.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Towards the negative charge.","correct":true,"explanation":"Electric field direction follows the force on a positive test charge. A negative source attracts that test charge, so its field lines point towards the negative charge."},{"text":"Away from the negative charge.","correct":false,"explanation":"This reverses the force on a positive test charge. Opposite charges attract, so the test charge moves towards the negative source and the field points towards it."},{"text":"Clockwise around the negative charge.","correct":false,"explanation":"This mistakes a point charge’s radial field for a circulating pattern. A positive test charge is attracted directly towards the negative source, so field lines point inwards."},{"text":"Parallel to the negative charge.","correct":false,"explanation":"A point charge does not define a parallel direction; its electric field is radial. The attraction of a positive test charge makes the field point towards the negative charge."}]},{"id":"fa4efbe2-e5ad-47f9-8098-89aeb74657c8","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What test object is used to determine electric field direction?","back":"A positive test charge.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"A positive test charge.","correct":true,"explanation":"Electric field direction is defined as the direction of the force that would act on a small positive test charge placed at that point."},{"text":"A negative test charge.","correct":false,"explanation":"A negative test charge would experience force opposite to the defined electric field direction. The convention uses a positive test charge so force and field point together."},{"text":"A small neutral charge.","correct":false,"explanation":"A neutral object has no net charge, so it cannot directly define electric field direction through $F=qE$. The conventional test object is a positive test charge."},{"text":"A positive test mass.","correct":false,"explanation":"A test mass is used to investigate gravitational fields, not electric fields. Electric field direction is defined using the force on a positive test charge."}]},{"id":"32edeea6-3a36-4af1-a0b3-af8f27e0a876","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"For gravitational and electrostatic point sources, force follows [ ].","back":"For gravitational and electrostatic point sources, force follows $F \\propto \\frac{1}{r^2}$.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"$$F \\propto \\frac{1}{r^2}$","correct":true,"explanation":"Newton’s gravitational law and Coulomb’s law both contain distance squared in the denominator. Therefore, the force between point sources decreases according to an inverse-square relationship."},{"text":"$$F \\propto \\frac{1}{r}$","correct":false,"explanation":"This misses the square on the separation and predicts that force decreases too slowly. For gravitational and electrostatic point sources, force is proportional to $1/r^2$."},{"text":"$$F \\propto r^2$","correct":false,"explanation":"This reverses the distance dependence and predicts that force grows with separation. Point-source gravitational and electrostatic forces instead decrease in proportion to $1/r^2$."},{"text":"$$F \\propto r$","correct":false,"explanation":"This incorrectly treats force as directly proportional to separation. For point gravitational and electrostatic sources, increasing distance reduces force according to $F \\propto 1/r^2$."}]},{"id":"bcac5358-4c82-4179-aa61-88aeb3cd3e38","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"If distance doubles in an inverse-square field, what happens to force?","back":"It is divided by 4.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"It is divided by 4.","correct":true,"explanation":"In an inverse-square field, $F \\propto 1/r^2$. Doubling the distance multiplies the denominator by $2^2=4$, so the force becomes one quarter of its original value."},{"text":"It is divided by 2.","correct":false,"explanation":"This applies an inverse relationship but forgets to square the distance factor. Doubling distance gives $F'/F=1/2^2=1/4$, so the force is divided by 4."},{"text":"It is multiplied by 4.","correct":false,"explanation":"This uses the squared factor in the wrong direction. Increasing separation weakens an inverse-square force, so doubling distance divides the force by 4 rather than multiplying it."},{"text":"It is divided by 8.","correct":false,"explanation":"This incorrectly cubes the distance factor, as though force followed $1/r^3$. An inverse-square field gives $2^2=4$, so the force is divided by 4."}]},{"id":"4333045a-552a-4400-95b4-185a9f929cfc","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"If distance triples in an inverse-square field, what happens to force?","back":"It is divided by 9.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"It is divided by 9.","correct":true,"explanation":"An inverse-square force varies as $1/r^2$. Tripling the distance increases the squared denominator by $3^2=9$, leaving the force at one ninth of its original value."},{"text":"It is divided by 3.","correct":false,"explanation":"This forgets to square the change in distance and uses a simple inverse relationship. Tripling distance divides an inverse-square force by $3^2=9$."},{"text":"It is multiplied by 9.","correct":false,"explanation":"This squares the distance factor but applies it in the wrong direction. Greater separation reduces an inverse-square force, so tripling distance divides the force by 9."},{"text":"It is divided by 27.","correct":false,"explanation":"This cubes the distance factor, incorrectly assuming a $1/r^3$ relationship. In an inverse-square field, tripling distance divides force by $3^2=9$."}]},{"id":"50335934-2b8f-4960-bfe6-dc0c02f49491","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"If distance halves in an inverse-square field, what happens to force?","back":"It becomes 4 times larger.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"It becomes 4 times larger.","correct":true,"explanation":"Halving distance gives a force factor of $1/(1/2)^2=4$. The inverse-square force therefore becomes four times its original magnitude."},{"text":"It becomes 2 times larger.","correct":false,"explanation":"This uses a simple inverse relationship and fails to square the distance change. Halving distance increases an inverse-square force by $(2)^2=4$, not by 2."},{"text":"It becomes 4 times smaller.","correct":false,"explanation":"This applies the factor in the wrong direction. Reducing separation strengthens an inverse-square force, so halving the distance makes the force 4 times larger."},{"text":"It becomes 8 times larger.","correct":false,"explanation":"This cubes the factor of 2, as if the force varied as $1/r^3$. Inverse-square dependence gives $2^2=4$, so the force becomes 4 times larger."}]},{"id":"c655ce0e-02eb-4aec-8a32-10e5a802f914","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"A force is $1800\\text{ N}$ at distance $r$. What is it at $3r$?","back":"$200\\text{ N}$.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"$200\\text{ N}$.","correct":true,"explanation":"Force follows an inverse-square relationship with distance. Increasing the distance from $r$ to $3r$ reduces the force by $3^2=9$, giving $1800/9=200\\text{ N}$."},{"text":"$600\\text{ N}$.","correct":false,"explanation":"Dividing by $3$ treats force as inversely proportional to distance. It follows an inverse-square law, so the force must be divided by $3^2=9$, giving $200\\text{ N}$."},{"text":"$5400\\text{ N}$.","correct":false,"explanation":"Multiplying by $3$ reverses the effect of increasing separation and ignores the inverse-square law. Tripling the distance divides the force by $9$, giving $200\\text{ N}$."},{"text":"$16200\\text{ N}$.","correct":false,"explanation":"Multiplying by $3^2$ applies the square relationship in the wrong direction. Because force is inversely proportional to distance squared, the correct calculation is $1800/9=200\\text{ N}$."}]},{"id":"5d2c747d-78a5-4caa-b63e-82c8b66c668a","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"Potential describes [ ] at a point in a field.","back":"Potential describes potential energy per unit mass or charge at a point in a field.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"potential energy per unit mass or charge","correct":true,"explanation":"Gravitational potential is potential energy per unit mass, while electric potential is potential energy per unit charge. Both describe the potential at a particular point in a field."},{"text":"force per unit mass or charge","correct":false,"explanation":"Force per unit mass or charge describes field strength, not potential. Potential is potential energy per unit mass in a gravitational field or per unit charge in an electric field."},{"text":"potential energy multiplied by mass or charge","correct":false,"explanation":"Potential is obtained by dividing potential energy by mass or charge, not multiplying by it. This makes potential a property of the field point rather than the test object."},{"text":"work done per unit distance","correct":false,"explanation":"Work done per unit distance corresponds to force when the force acts along the displacement. Potential instead means potential energy per unit mass or charge at a point."}]},{"id":"8dc05afe-4b0e-4915-af62-29ab370b3b47","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What is special about moving along an equipotential surface?","back":"It requires no work.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"It requires no work.","correct":true,"explanation":"Every point on an equipotential surface has the same potential, so moving along it causes no change in potential energy. Therefore, the field does no work."},{"text":"It requires positive work.","correct":false,"explanation":"Positive work would require a decrease in potential energy along the path. Potential is constant on an equipotential surface, so there is no energy change and no work is required."},{"text":"It requires negative work.","correct":false,"explanation":"Negative work would correspond to an increase in potential energy. Along an equipotential surface the potential and potential energy remain constant, so the work done is zero."},{"text":"It requires maximum work.","correct":false,"explanation":"Maximum work is associated with motion along the field direction, where potential changes most rapidly. Equipotential surfaces are perpendicular to field lines, so movement along them requires no work."}]},{"id":"96f3ef44-d30d-4f2e-9953-a9691d1579b3","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"Gravitational forces are always [ ], while electrostatic forces can be [ ].","back":"Gravitational forces are always attractive, while electrostatic forces can be attractive or repulsive.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Gravitational forces are always attractive, while electrostatic forces can be attractive or repulsive.","correct":true,"explanation":"Masses attract because ordinary gravitational mass has one sign. Electric charges can have opposite or matching signs, so electrostatic forces may respectively be attractive or repulsive."},{"text":"Gravitational forces are always repulsive, while electrostatic forces can be attractive or repulsive.","correct":false,"explanation":"The electrostatic statement is right, but gravity between ordinary masses is attractive, not repulsive. Electrostatic forces may attract or repel because electric charge has positive and negative signs."},{"text":"Gravitational forces are always attractive, while electrostatic forces can be attractive only.","correct":false,"explanation":"Gravity is always attractive, but electrostatic force is not restricted to attraction. Opposite charges attract, whereas charges with the same sign repel each other."},{"text":"Gravitational forces are always attractive or repulsive, while electrostatic forces can be repulsive only.","correct":false,"explanation":"This reverses both distinctions. Gravity between ordinary masses is always attractive, whereas electrostatic forces are attractive between opposite charges and repulsive between like charges."}]},{"id":"16d97b70-0f1b-47af-9257-7c0c83fcd9ad","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"Opposite charges [ ]; like charges [ ].","back":"Opposite charges attract; like charges repel.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Opposite charges attract; like charges repel.","correct":true,"explanation":"Charges with opposite signs exert forces towards each other, while charges with the same sign exert forces away from each other. This follows directly from Coulomb’s law."},{"text":"Opposite charges repel; like charges attract.","correct":false,"explanation":"This reverses both electrostatic interactions. Opposite signs produce an attractive force, while two charges with the same sign produce a repulsive force."},{"text":"Opposite charges attract; like charges attract.","correct":false,"explanation":"Opposite charges do attract, but like charges do not. Charges with matching signs repel because the electrostatic force acts to push them apart."},{"text":"Opposite charges repel; like charges repel.","correct":false,"explanation":"Like charges do repel, but opposite charges attract rather than repel. The sign of the product of the two charges determines the nature of their interaction."}]},{"id":"73801437-b954-4920-b0a3-4976e8e81404","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"Which field can be shielded using a conductive metal box?","back":"An electrostatic field.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"An electrostatic field.","correct":true,"explanation":"Free electrons in a conductor rearrange until the electric field inside the closed metal box is zero. This electrostatic shielding is the principle of a Faraday cage."},{"text":"A gravitational field.","correct":false,"explanation":"Conductors do not block gravity because gravitational fields act on all mass and there is no equivalent rearrangement of positive and negative gravitational mass. A metal box shields an electrostatic field."},{"text":"A static magnetic field.","correct":false,"explanation":"An ordinary conductive metal box does not shield a static magnetic field effectively. Electrostatic fields are shielded because free charges rearrange on the conductor’s surfaces."},{"text":"A strong nuclear field.","correct":false,"explanation":"The strong interaction is short-ranged and is not shielded by arranging free electrons in a metal box. Conductive enclosures specifically provide shielding from electrostatic fields."}]},{"id":"c6d47492-b513-46fa-9a12-2198d609adde","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"Why can’t a gravitational field be shielded?","back":"It affects all mass.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"It affects all mass.","correct":true,"explanation":"All matter has mass and therefore responds to gravity. With no known negative gravitational mass available to cancel or redirect the field, gravitational shielding cannot be produced."},{"text":"It affects only charged matter.","correct":false,"explanation":"Gravity acts on mass regardless of whether matter is electrically charged. Electrostatic effects depend on charge, but gravity cannot be shielded because it affects all mass."},{"text":"It affects only moving matter.","correct":false,"explanation":"Objects do not need to be moving to experience gravity; stationary masses still have weight. A gravitational field cannot be shielded because it affects all mass."},{"text":"It affects conductors most strongly.","correct":false,"explanation":"Electrical conductivity does not determine gravitational response; gravitational force depends on mass. Unlike electrostatic fields, gravity cannot be shielded with conductors because it affects all mass."}]}]}],"examCountdown":{"examDate":"2027-05-21","paperLabel":"Paper 1"},"heading":"Fields (A-level only)","title":"Fields (A-level only) Flashcards","topbar":{"backHref":"/a-level/physics/aqa/flashcards"},"topicSidebar":"$L38"}]}],"topicId":"f1f76e91-502c-504a-a730-483df3fdbe90","walled":"$L39"}],"$L3a","$L3b"]