A screening test is used for a medical condition. It is known that 2% of the people who are screened have the condition.
If a person has the condition, the probability that the test is positive is 0.95.
If a person does not have the condition, the probability that the test is positive is 0.04.
Find the probability that a randomly chosen person who is screened tests positive.
Given that a person tests positive, find the probability that the person has the condition. Give your answer to 3 significant figures.
State one assumption made in using the figure of 2% for the person being screened.
200 exam-style questions on OCR A Level Maths 2.3 Probability, covering 2.3.1 Mutually exclusive and independent events, 2.3.2 Diagrams to assist probability calculations, 2.3.3 Conditional probability (A-level only), 2.3.4 Conditional probability from first principles (A-level only), and 2.3.5 Modelling with probability. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.