A marine biologist monitored the concentration of microplastics in a bay. She took 80 water samples from random locations and found the mean concentration to be 54 mg/L54 \text{ mg/L}54 mg/L with a standard deviation of 15 mg/L15 \text{ mg/L}15 mg/L. After a new filtration system was installed at a nearby treatment plant, she took 120 more samples and found the mean concentration to be 49 mg/L49 \text{ mg/L}49 mg/L with a standard deviation of 8 mg/L8 \text{ mg/L}8 mg/L.
Test at the 1%1\%1% level of significance whether the mean concentration of microplastics in the bay decreased after the filtration system was installed. State your hypotheses clearly.
Explain the significance of the Central Limit Theorem to the test in part (a).
State an assumption you have made about the sample variances to carry out this test.
162 exam-style questions on AQA A Level Maths 2.5 O: Statistical hypothesis testing, covering 2.5.1 Language of hypothesis testing, 2.5.2 Hypothesis test for a binomial proportion, and 2.5.3 Hypothesis test for a Normal mean (A-level only). Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.