Poland has established itself as one of the most dynamic economies in Central Europe since joining the European Union. Over the past decade, its rapid convergence with Western European income levels has been accompanied by fluctuating macroeconomic indicators. Following global supply chain disruptions and shifts in energy markets between 2017 and 2023, inflation became a key focus for the National Bank of Poland, diverging significantly from the broader European Union trends.
Table 1 – CPI inflation rates for Poland and the EU-27 average (%) – 2017–2023
| Year | Poland (%) | EU-27 Average (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 2017 | 2.0 | 1.4 |
| 2018 | 1.6 | 1.7 |
| 2019 | 2.3 | 1.3 |
| 2020 | 3.4 | 0.7 |
| 2021 | 5.1 | 2.6 |
| 2022 | 14.4 | 9.2 |
| 2023 | 11.4 | 6.4 |
Using Table 1, compare the CPI inflation rate of Poland with that of the EU-27 average.
