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Aggregate demand

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Question 4

The Deep-Sea Mining Transition and Coastal Community Support in Thalassia

The government of Thalassia faces unprecedented fiscal pressure as it bans deep-sea mining, threatening the economic survival of coastal communities and marine engineering firms. The sudden cessation of mining operations has disrupted regional supply chains, leading to immediate structural challenges.

In response, the Thalassian Ministry of Finance announced a targeted support package worth up to TS 12 billion (Thalassian Sovereigns). This package centers on a new 'Marine Transition Allowance' (MTA) designed to prevent immediate household insolvency and widespread default. Under the MTA, workers in transition status receive 80% of their previous standard wage, up to a maximum of TS 2,800 per month, funded directly by the state. Economists estimate that without this intervention, widespread permanent redundancies would have occurred immediately throughout coastal areas, leading to severe regional deprivation.

To support those already out of work or transitioning to new sectors, Thalassia has also introduced a series of transitional training initiatives:

  • The 'Blue Restoration Academy': a TS 1.5 billion fund financing 12-month marine ecological restoration apprenticeships for unemployed youth aged 18–30.
  • An immediate relocation grant of TS 2,000 for families moving to high-growth inland tech hubs.
  • Funding to triple the scale of coastal business incubation labs.

To lower cost-of-living pressures and promote long-term resilience, the government has capped household water and sanitation tariffs, and slashed the value-added tax (VAT) on domestic water purification and heat pumps from 20% to 5% until mid-2026. This fiscal intervention is expected to push public debt as a proportion of GDP to historic highs as tax revenues from resource royalties and personal income shrink.


Evaluate how the change in income for workers receiving the Marine Transition Allowance (MTA) may have affected consumption in Thalassia.

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Aggregate demand Questions

  1. A Level
  2. /Economics
  3. /Aggregate demand