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3.4.4 Oligopoly

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Question 3

Extract A

FitLife merger with EuroGym

The UK's largest health and fitness club operator by market share is planning to enter six continental European markets through a £750m merger. FitLife announced that it has agreed to merge with EuroGym, which owns 85 premium health clubs across Germany, Poland, Austria, the Czech Republic, Spain, and the Netherlands. The deal is being framed as a merger of equals, although FitLife's UK operations generate significantly more revenue than its European partner. The planned expansion follows a 1.5% decline in total revenues earned by UK-based health and fitness clubs in the previous fiscal year.

Recently, FitLife was ordered by competition regulators to sell three prime fitness sites following its acquisition of the Zenith Boutique Gyms brand. This regulatory intervention highlighted the difficulty of securing further growth in its saturated domestic market, driving the strategic decision to target international expansion.

FitLife's main domestic competitors have also expanded internationally, with rival operator Active Leisure operating in eight European countries, while US-owned PureCore has established clubs across several countries in Asia and South America.

Extract B

FitLife investigation by the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA)

FitLife was forced to divest gyms in three major cities after the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) concluded that its acquisition of Zenith Boutique Gyms would lead to a substantial lessening of competition and higher membership prices for consumers in Bristol, Norwich, and York. While FitLife clubs tend to occupy spacious, out-of-town locations with swimming pools and extensive parking, Zenith Boutique Gyms are smaller, premium city-centre studios focusing on specialist fitness classes.

The CMA ruled that the acquisition left local consumers with very limited alternatives in these target areas, giving FitLife excessive market power to raise subscription fees.

Figure 1

FitLife monthly membership fees (Peak hours, active after 6pm)

Membership TypePrice per Month
Individual Adult (22–59 yrs)£65.00
Junior (under 18 yrs)£35.00
Student / Young Adult (18–21 yrs)£45.00
Senior (60+ yrs)£48.00
Premium Family (2 Adults + 2 Juniors)£170.00

Apart from price discrimination, assess one pricing and one non-pricing strategy FitLife could adopt to increase sales.

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3.4.4 Oligopoly Questions

  1. A Level
  2. /Economics
  3. /3.4.4 Oligopoly