Which statement correctly explains how molecular bonding and structure determine the ability of a gas to absorb radiation and contribute to the greenhouse effect?
Water vapour (H2O\text{H}_2\text{O}H2O) absorbs infrared radiation because its vibrations cause a change in its molecular dipole moment.
Symmetric stretching of carbon dioxide (CO2\text{CO}_2CO2) absorbs infrared radiation because the polar C=O\text{C}=\text{O}C=O bonds vibrate in phase.
Diatomic nitrogen (N2\text{N}_2N2) absorbs infrared radiation because its triple covalent bond is highly polar.
Methane (CH4\text{CH}_4CH4) absorbs ultraviolet radiation because its tetrahedral geometry allows for vibrational excitation.
