Group 7(17), the halogens

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Question 16
Medium
a.

A student does an experiment to determine the percentage by mass of sodium chlorate(I), NaClO\text{NaClO}NaClO, in a sample of bleach solution.

Method:

  • Dilute a 12.5 cm312.5\text{ cm}^312.5 cm3 sample of bleach solution to 250 cm3250\text{ cm}^3250 cm3 with distilled water.
  • Transfer 25.0 cm325.0\text{ cm}^325.0 cm3 of the diluted bleach solution to a conical flask and acidify using sulfuric acid.
  • Add excess potassium iodide to the conical flask to form a brown solution containing I2(aq)\text{I}_2\text{(aq)}I2​(aq).
  • Add 0.100 mol dm−30.100\text{ mol dm}^{-3}0.100 mol dm−3 sodium thiosulfate solution (Na2S2O3\text{Na}_2\text{S}_2\text{O}_3Na2​S2​O3​) from a burette until the brown solution containing I2(aq)\text{I}_2\text{(aq)}I2​(aq) becomes a colourless solution containing I−(aq)\text{I}^-\text{(aq)}I−(aq).

The student uses 28.40 cm328.40\text{ cm}^328.40 cm3 of sodium thiosulfate solution.

The density of the original bleach solution is 1.18 g cm−31.18\text{ g cm}^{-3}1.18 g cm−3.

The chemical equations for the reactions in this experiment are: ClO−(aq)+2H+(aq)+2I−(aq)→Cl−(aq)+H2O(l)+I2(aq)\text{ClO}^-\text{(aq)} + 2\text{H}^+\text{(aq)} + 2\text{I}^-\text{(aq)} \rightarrow \text{Cl}^-\text{(aq)} + \text{H}_2\text{O(l)} + \text{I}_2\text{(aq)}ClO−(aq)+2H+(aq)+2I−(aq)→Cl−(aq)+H2​O(l)+I2​(aq) 2S2O32−(aq)+I2(aq)→2I−(aq)+S4O62−(aq)2\text{S}_2\text{O}_3^{2-}\text{(aq)} + \text{I}_2\text{(aq)} \rightarrow 2\text{I}^-\text{(aq)} + \text{S}_4\text{O}_6^{2-}\text{(aq)}2S2​O32−​(aq)+I2​(aq)→2I−(aq)+S4​O62−​(aq)

Calculate the percentage by mass of NaClO\text{NaClO}NaClO in the original bleach solution. Give your answer to 3 significant figures.

[6]
b.

The total uncertainty from two readings and an end-point error in using the burette is ±0.15 cm3\pm 0.15\text{ cm}^3±0.15 cm3. Calculate the total percentage uncertainty in using the burette in this experiment. Give your answer to 3 significant figures.

[2]

Group 7(17), the halogens Questions

  1. A Level
  2. /Chemistry
  3. /Group 7(17), the halogens