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Bonding

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Question 1

This question is about molecular structure, bonding, and intermolecular forces.

a.

Draw a diagram to show the strongest type of interaction between two molecules of methanol (CH3OH\text{CH}_3\text{OH}CH3​OH) in the liquid phase. Include all lone pairs and partial charges in your diagram.

[3]
b.

Dimethyl ether (CH3OCH3\text{CH}_3\text{OCH}_3CH3​OCH3​) is an isomer of methanol. Table 1 shows the boiling points of methanol and dimethyl ether.

Table 1

CompoundBoiling point / ∘C\text{}^\circ\text{C}∘C
methanol65
dimethyl ether-24

In terms of the intermolecular forces involved, explain the difference in boiling points.

[3]
c.

Draw the shape of the POCl3\text{POCl}_3POCl3​ molecule and the shape of the ICl4−2˘00b\text{ICl}_4^-\u200bICl4−​2˘00b ion. Include any lone pairs of electrons that influence the shapes.

In a POCl3\text{POCl}_3POCl3​ molecule, the oxygen atom is attached to the phosphorus atom by a double bond that uses two electrons from phosphorus.

Name each shape.

Suggest a value for the bond angle in ICl4−2˘00b\text{ICl}_4^-\u200bICl4−​2˘00b.

Name of shape of POCl3\text{POCl}_3POCl3​: ______________

Name of shape of ICl4−2˘00b\text{ICl}_4^-\u200bICl4−​2˘00b: ______________

Bond angle in ICl4−2˘00b\text{ICl}_4^-\u200bICl4−​2˘00b: ______________

[5]

Bonding Questions

  1. A Level
  2. /Chemistry
  3. /Bonding