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business."},{"text":"internal environment","correct":false,"explanation":"This confuses PESTLE with internal analysis of factors such as staff, finance and operations. PESTLE scans the external environment surrounding the business."},{"text":"competitive position","correct":false,"explanation":"Competitive position is more directly assessed using tools such as Porter’s Five Forces. PESTLE is used to scan the wider external environment."},{"text":"corporate strategy","correct":false,"explanation":"Corporate strategy concerns the long-term direction chosen by a business, rather than the conditions being analysed. PESTLE scans the external environment."}]},{"id":"7d254ff3-ceeb-4987-864e-470948e3914f","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"Why do political and legal factors often overlap?","back":"Government decisions often become laws or regulations.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Government decisions often become laws or regulations.","correct":true,"explanation":"Political decisions frequently lead to legislation or regulation, meaning government policy can become a legal requirement that directly affects business behaviour."},{"text":"Government decisions are always made by courts and judges.","correct":false,"explanation":"Courts and judges interpret and apply law rather than make all government decisions. Political and legal factors overlap because government decisions often become laws or regulations."},{"text":"Government decisions mainly change consumer tastes and fashions.","correct":false,"explanation":"Consumer tastes and fashions are primarily social factors, although policy can sometimes influence them. The overlap occurs because government decisions often become laws or regulations."},{"text":"Government decisions only affect public sector organisations.","correct":false,"explanation":"Government policy and legislation also affect private businesses through areas such as taxation and employment rules. Political decisions often become laws or regulations."}]},{"id":"40f990fa-968a-4db0-a767-f0107a9482f2","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"An external change that helps objectives is an [ ]; one that damages performance is a [ ].","back":"An external change that helps objectives is an opportunity; one that damages performance is a threat.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"An external change that helps objectives is an opportunity; one that damages performance is a threat.","correct":true,"explanation":"An opportunity is an external development that can help a business achieve its objectives, while a threat is an external development that may harm performance."},{"text":"An external change that helps objectives is an strength; one that damages performance is a threat.","correct":false,"explanation":"A strength is an internal advantage, not a favourable external change. An external change helping objectives is an opportunity, while one damaging performance is a threat."},{"text":"An external change that helps objectives is an opportunity; one that damages performance is a weakness.","correct":false,"explanation":"A weakness is an internal disadvantage, not a harmful external development. Helpful external changes are opportunities, whereas damaging external changes are threats."},{"text":"An external change that helps objectives is an threat; one that damages performance is a opportunity.","correct":false,"explanation":"This reverses the SWOT terms. A helpful external change is an opportunity, while an external change that damages business performance is a threat."}]},{"id":"dde53144-4654-4c9a-8c4d-1b893dc5226e","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"What mainly determines whether the same political/legal change is an opportunity or threat?","back":"The specific business context, such as imports, exports or adaptability.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"The specific business context, such as imports, exports or adaptability.","correct":true,"explanation":"The effect depends on the firm’s activities and ability to respond. A change may benefit an exporter but harm an importer or a less adaptable competitor."},{"text":"The size of the legal change, regardless of the affected business.","correct":false,"explanation":"A major change is not automatically a threat, because some firms may benefit from it. The decisive factor is the specific business context and adaptability."},{"text":"The political party in government, regardless of business strategy.","correct":false,"explanation":"The governing party may influence policy, but it does not alone determine the effect on each firm. The specific business context determines opportunity or threat."},{"text":"The number of laws introduced, such as annual Acts or regulations.","correct":false,"explanation":"Counting new laws does not show how a particular business will be affected. Their impact depends on the specific business context, including trade exposure and adaptability."}]},{"id":"0d07831a-dfab-4d7a-ada9-7eba17b363b0","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"How can a trade agreement create an opportunity for an exporter?","back":"It can reduce trade barriers, making overseas sales easier.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"It can reduce trade barriers, making overseas sales easier.","correct":true,"explanation":"Trade agreements can lower tariffs, remove quotas or simplify customs requirements, reducing exporters’ costs and making access to overseas markets easier."},{"text":"It can increase import tariffs, making overseas sales easier.","correct":false,"explanation":"Higher import tariffs raise the price of exported goods in the destination market and usually reduce competitiveness. An agreement creates opportunity by reducing trade barriers."},{"text":"It can impose stricter quotas, making overseas sales easier.","correct":false,"explanation":"Stricter quotas limit how much can enter a foreign market, restricting rather than supporting sales. Trade agreements can help exporters by reducing trade barriers."},{"text":"It can weaken foreign demand, making overseas sales easier.","correct":false,"explanation":"Weaker foreign demand would generally reduce export sales rather than facilitate them. The opportunity comes from reduced trade barriers that improve overseas market access."}]},{"id":"35d1de74-7a84-49f3-9638-0a520f5a6ac2","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"Rules of origin decide whether a product qualifies as [ ] under a trade agreement.","back":"Rules of origin decide whether a product qualifies as UK-made under a trade agreement.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"UK-made","correct":true,"explanation":"Rules of origin specify how much production or sourcing must occur in the UK for a product to qualify as UK-made and receive agreement benefits."},{"text":"tariff-free","correct":false,"explanation":"Tariff-free treatment may be the benefit awarded after origin requirements are met, but rules of origin decide whether the product qualifies as UK-made."},{"text":"VAT-exempt","correct":false,"explanation":"VAT status concerns taxation and is not what rules of origin establish. These rules determine whether a product qualifies as UK-made under the agreement."},{"text":"quota-limited","correct":false,"explanation":"A quota limits the quantity traded and is separate from a product’s national origin. Rules of origin determine whether it qualifies as UK-made."}]},{"id":"3fd93596-3e8b-4362-80ee-0c0099964c93","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why might imported fabrics stop a UK clothing exporter receiving a trade-agreement benefit?","back":"They may fail rules of origin, so the product may not count as UK-made.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"They may fail rules of origin, so the product may not count as UK-made.","correct":true,"explanation":"Imported inputs may mean the finished clothing lacks sufficient UK content or processing, causing it to fail origin requirements and lose preferential treatment."},{"text":"They may breach minimum wage rules, so the product may not count as UK-made.","correct":false,"explanation":"Minimum wage law concerns employee pay, not the nationality of production inputs. Imported fabrics may instead cause the clothing to fail rules of origin."},{"text":"They may increase consumer demand, so the product may not count as UK-made.","correct":false,"explanation":"Consumer demand does not determine a product’s origin status. Imported fabrics can prevent UK-made classification if the finished clothing fails rules of origin."},{"text":"They may reduce advertising costs, so the product may not count as UK-made.","correct":false,"explanation":"Advertising costs have no bearing on a product’s national origin. The issue is that imported fabrics may make the clothing fail rules of origin."}]},{"id":"87500d79-1dd9-4cd8-a439-a6d23673dc42","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"Protectionism restricts [ ] to protect [ ].","back":"Protectionism restricts imports to protect domestic businesses and jobs.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Protectionism restricts imports to protect domestic businesses and jobs.","correct":true,"explanation":"Protectionist measures such as tariffs and quotas restrict foreign imports, aiming to reduce overseas competition and support domestic firms and employment."},{"text":"Protectionism restricts exports to protect domestic businesses and jobs.","correct":false,"explanation":"Protectionism usually limits imports rather than exports because imported products compete with domestic producers. Its purpose is to protect domestic businesses and jobs."},{"text":"Protectionism restricts imports to protect foreign businesses and jobs.","correct":false,"explanation":"Restricting imports disadvantages foreign suppliers rather than protecting them. Protectionism limits imports to support domestic businesses and jobs against overseas competition."},{"text":"Protectionism restricts investment to protect consumer choice and competition.","correct":false,"explanation":"Protectionism focuses on restricting imports, and it often reduces consumer choice and competition. Its intended beneficiaries are domestic businesses and jobs."}]},{"id":"54460727-5fab-4d7a-9761-020db105b5f7","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"If an importer keeps selling price unchanged after a tariff, what happens to gross margin?","back":"It falls because import cost rises.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"It falls because import cost rises.","correct":true,"explanation":"With the selling price unchanged and the tariff increasing import costs, gross profit per unit decreases. Gross margin therefore falls."},{"text":"It rises because import cost rises.","correct":false,"explanation":"This reverses the effect of the higher cost. With no increase in selling price, the tariff reduces gross profit per unit, so gross margin falls."},{"text":"It stays unchanged because import cost rises.","correct":false,"explanation":"This assumes gross margin is unaffected by costs. The tariff raises the cost of each imported unit while revenue stays constant, so gross margin falls."},{"text":"It doubles because import cost rises.","correct":false,"explanation":"A higher import cost cannot double gross margin when the selling price remains fixed. It reduces gross profit per unit, causing gross margin to fall."}]},{"id":"b86974a6-0ebe-4dec-871f-256a478c15ac","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"A £2.00 import faces a 10% tariff. What is the new cost per pack?","back":"£2.00 + £0.20 = £2.20.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"£2.00 + £0.20 = £2.20.","correct":true,"explanation":"The tariff is 10% of £2.00, which equals £0.20. Adding this charge to the original import cost gives £2.20 per pack."},{"text":"£2.00 + £0.10 = £2.10.","correct":false,"explanation":"This treats 10% as a fixed 10 pence rather than a percentage of the cost. The tariff is £0.20, making the new cost £2.20."},{"text":"£2.00 + £2.00 = £4.00.","correct":false,"explanation":"This applies a 100% tariff by adding the entire original cost. A 10% tariff adds only £0.20, producing a new cost of £2.20."},{"text":"£2.00 + £0.02 = £2.02.","correct":false,"explanation":"This calculates 1% of £2.00 rather than 10%, creating a decimal-place error. The tariff is £0.20, so the new cost is £2.20."}]},{"id":"6e43a576-04f5-478f-b15d-f98085b4906f","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"How can protectionism help a domestic producer?","back":"Foreign rivals become more expensive or less available.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Foreign rivals become more expensive or less available.","correct":true,"explanation":"Tariffs raise foreign rivals’ prices, while quotas restrict their supply. Either effect reduces competitive pressure and can increase demand for domestically produced goods."},{"text":"Foreign rivals become less expensive or more available.","correct":false,"explanation":"This describes freer trade rather than protectionism. Protectionist measures make foreign rivals more expensive through tariffs or less available through quotas, helping domestic producers compete."},{"text":"Foreign rivals become more efficient or more competitive.","correct":false,"explanation":"Protectionism does not directly improve foreign firms’ efficiency or competitiveness. It helps domestic producers by making imported alternatives more expensive or restricting their availability."},{"text":"Foreign rivals become tax exempt or legally protected.","correct":false,"explanation":"Protectionist policies favour domestic producers rather than granting foreign rivals exemptions or protection. They usually raise import prices or restrict the quantity available."}]},{"id":"c9d21292-112c-42bc-8a89-9a99ce03849e","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What happens to import quantity under a quota?","back":"It is capped by a legal limit.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"It is capped by a legal limit.","correct":true,"explanation":"An import quota sets the maximum quantity of a product that may enter a country during a specified period, creating a legally enforceable cap."},{"text":"It is increased by a legal minimum.","correct":false,"explanation":"This confuses a quota with a minimum purchasing requirement. An import quota imposes a legal maximum, so the quantity imported cannot exceed the stated limit."},{"text":"It is determined by a tariff charge.","correct":false,"explanation":"A tariff changes the price of imports rather than directly fixing their quantity. A quota caps import quantity through a legal limit."},{"text":"It is uncapped by a trade agreement.","correct":false,"explanation":"This describes the removal of restrictions rather than a quota. Under a quota, import quantity is capped by a legal limit."}]},{"id":"96c018c0-7e4b-442d-bf2b-ded19ba27bff","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"Consumer protection expects goods to be of [ ] and [ ].","back":"Consumer protection expects goods to be of satisfactory quality and fit for purpose.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Consumer protection expects goods to be of satisfactory quality and fit for purpose.","correct":true,"explanation":"Consumer law requires goods to meet a reasonable standard of quality and to perform the function for which they were supplied or purchased."},{"text":"Consumer protection expects goods to be of competitive price and fit for purpose.","correct":false,"explanation":"Consumer law does not require firms to charge a competitive price. The relevant standards are satisfactory quality and fitness for the purpose for which goods were supplied."},{"text":"Consumer protection expects goods to be of satisfactory quality and fit for resale.","correct":false,"explanation":"Fitness for resale is not the required consumer standard and may be irrelevant to the buyer. Goods must be satisfactory quality and fit for purpose."},{"text":"Consumer protection expects goods to be of premium quality and covered by warranty.","correct":false,"explanation":"The law does not require every product to be premium quality or supplied with a warranty. It requires satisfactory quality and fitness for purpose."}]},{"id":"2d4c93f8-4d29-46d6-97d1-74e28ec14f51","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why must product descriptions match the actual product?","back":"Goods must be as described; misleading claims risk legal damage.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Goods must be as described; misleading claims risk legal damage.","correct":true,"explanation":"Consumer law requires goods to match descriptions used in packaging, advertising or sales. False descriptions can lead to claims, enforcement action and reputational damage."},{"text":"Goods must be competitively priced; misleading claims risk legal damage.","correct":false,"explanation":"Consumer law does not generally require competitive pricing. Descriptions must match the actual goods because customers are legally entitled to receive products that are as described."},{"text":"Goods must be fit for resale; misleading claims risk legal damage.","correct":false,"explanation":"Fitness for resale is not the legal reason descriptions must be accurate. Goods must be as described, or the business may face consumer claims and legal damage."},{"text":"Goods must be heavily advertised; misleading claims risk legal damage.","correct":false,"explanation":"There is no requirement for goods to receive heavy advertising. Any description that is used must accurately represent the product because misleading claims can have legal consequences."}]},{"id":"5dca2865-df7a-4db1-a995-ac580768f21c","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"What operations action can reduce safety risk from a faulty product batch?","back":"Recall the affected products.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Recall the affected products.","correct":true,"explanation":"A product recall removes items from customers and distribution channels, preventing further use of the faulty batch and reducing the risk of injury."},{"text":"Discount the affected products.","correct":false,"explanation":"A lower price does not remove the safety defect and may expose more customers to harm. The affected products should be recalled instead."},{"text":"Recall the unaffected products.","correct":false,"explanation":"This targets safe stock while leaving the dangerous batch in circulation. The business must identify and recall the affected products to reduce safety risk."},{"text":"Rebrand the affected products.","correct":false,"explanation":"Changing branding does not correct a fault or protect customers from injury. The affected products must be recalled and removed from use or sale."}]},{"id":"416086ad-1111-4230-b8d5-c9ac0805669f","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"The Equality Act 2010 protects people from discrimination based on [ ].","back":"The Equality Act 2010 protects people from discrimination based on protected characteristics.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"protected characteristics","correct":true,"explanation":"The Equality Act 2010 prohibits discrimination connected to protected characteristics, including age, disability, race, religion or belief, sex and sexual orientation."},{"text":"all personal characteristics","correct":false,"explanation":"The Act does not make every personal characteristic legally protected. It prohibits discrimination based on the specific categories defined as protected characteristics."},{"text":"employment status","correct":false,"explanation":"Employment status is not itself one of the protected characteristics under the Equality Act 2010. Protection applies to legally specified protected characteristics."},{"text":"political opinions","correct":false,"explanation":"Political opinion is not a protected characteristic under the Equality Act 2010 in Great Britain. The Act covers defined protected characteristics such as race, sex and disability."}]},{"id":"9978ff91-9d8e-4467-82ef-34125d5e8b85","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why is advertising for “young, energetic graduates” risky?","back":"It suggests age discrimination.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"It suggests age discrimination.","correct":true,"explanation":"Specifying “young” indicates a preference based on age rather than job-related ability, potentially excluding suitable older applicants and breaching age discrimination law."},{"text":"It suggests sex discrimination.","correct":false,"explanation":"Nothing in the wording expresses a preference for a particular sex. The risk is age discrimination because “young” may unfairly exclude suitably qualified older applicants."},{"text":"It suggests religious discrimination.","correct":false,"explanation":"The advert does not refer to religion or belief. Its reference to “young” candidates creates the risk of age discrimination by discouraging older applicants."},{"text":"It suggests racial discrimination.","correct":false,"explanation":"No racial or ethnic characteristic is specified in the advert. The problematic requirement is “young”, which suggests age discrimination rather than selection by objective criteria."}]},{"id":"ce77ef51-80e7-4160-b045-a7a59ff110c8","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"How should a discriminatory recruitment advert be rewritten?","back":"Use objective requirements, such as skills and experience.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Use objective requirements, such as skills and experience.","correct":true,"explanation":"Skills and experience are measurable, job-related criteria. Using them helps the business select capable candidates without treating applicants differently because of protected characteristics."},{"text":"Use personality labels, such as youthful and energetic.","correct":false,"explanation":"Labels such as “youthful” remain subjective and may imply an unlawful age preference. The advert should use objective requirements, such as relevant skills and experience."},{"text":"Use protected characteristics, such as age and sex.","correct":false,"explanation":"Age and sex are protected characteristics, so normally using them as selection criteria would be discriminatory. Recruitment adverts should specify objective requirements, such as skills and experience."},{"text":"Use informal preferences, such as appearance and cultural fit.","correct":false,"explanation":"Appearance and cultural fit are subjective and may conceal discriminatory assumptions. The advert should instead state objective requirements, such as the skills and experience needed."}]},{"id":"32d47774-d22c-42b0-8830-7c8c358b320d","cardType":"basic","points":1,"front":"Which UK body investigates price-fixing, cartels and abuse of dominance?","back":"Competition and Markets Authority (CMA).","mcqOptions":[{"text":"Competition and Markets Authority (CMA).","correct":true,"explanation":"The CMA enforces UK competition law, investigating anti-competitive conduct such as price-fixing, cartels and abuse of a dominant market position."},{"text":"Financial Conduct Authority (FCA).","correct":false,"explanation":"The FCA regulates financial firms and markets rather than competition across the whole economy. Price-fixing, cartels and abuse of dominance are investigated by the CMA."},{"text":"Advertising Standards Authority (ASA).","correct":false,"explanation":"The ASA deals with misleading, harmful or offensive advertising, not anti-competitive market behaviour. Cartels and abuse of dominance fall within the CMA’s remit."},{"text":"Office of Communications (Ofcom).","correct":false,"explanation":"Ofcom regulates communications industries such as broadcasting and telecommunications. The CMA is the UK body responsible for investigating cartels, price-fixing and abuse of dominance."}]},{"id":"07261b2d-b1aa-4df7-bbdb-f7686f43f0ee","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why might the CMA block a merger between large supermarkets?","back":"It may reduce competition, causing higher prices or worse service.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"It may reduce competition, causing higher prices or worse service.","correct":true,"explanation":"Combining large supermarket rivals can reduce consumer choice and competitive pressure. The merged business may then raise prices or have less incentive to maintain service quality."},{"text":"It may increase competition, causing lower prices or better service.","correct":false,"explanation":"Greater competition and improved consumer outcomes would normally support approval rather than blocking. The CMA intervenes when a merger may reduce competition, leading to higher prices or worse service."},{"text":"It may create economies of scale, causing lower costs or greater efficiency.","correct":false,"explanation":"Economies of scale can benefit consumers and are not themselves grounds for blocking a merger. The CMA’s concern is a substantial reduction in competition and consumer welfare."},{"text":"It may reduce shareholder returns, causing lower dividends or investment.","correct":false,"explanation":"The CMA’s role is not to protect the shareholders of merging businesses. It may block the merger if reduced competition could produce higher prices or worse service."}]},{"id":"7343ee1b-2aeb-499d-a8d2-12d42a2a43e6","cardType":"basic","points":3,"front":"What are the three elements of the Triple Bottom Line?","back":"

People
Planet
Profit

","mcqOptions":[{"text":"

People
Planet
Profit

","correct":true,"explanation":"The Triple Bottom Line assesses social performance through people, environmental performance through planet and financial or economic performance through profit."},{"text":"

People
Planet
Productivity

","correct":false,"explanation":"Productivity is an operational efficiency measure, not one of the three elements. The Triple Bottom Line consists of people, planet and profit."},{"text":"

People
Policy
Profit

","correct":false,"explanation":"Policy may influence business decisions but is not a Triple Bottom Line element. The environmental element is planet, alongside people and profit."},{"text":"

Product
Planet
Profit

","correct":false,"explanation":"Product is associated with the marketing mix rather than the Triple Bottom Line. The social element is people, completing people, planet and profit."}]},{"id":"0e58f10f-c664-40c3-9a2d-8558790028cc","cardType":"cloze","points":null,"front":"Exaggerating or falsely presenting a business as environmentally friendly is [ ].","back":"Exaggerating or falsely presenting a business as environmentally friendly is greenwashing.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"greenwashing","correct":true,"explanation":"Greenwashing occurs when a business exaggerates, misrepresents or fabricates its environmental credentials, creating a misleading impression that it is more sustainable than it really is."},{"text":"greenhushing","correct":false,"explanation":"Greenhushing means deliberately communicating little or nothing about genuine environmental activity, often to avoid scrutiny. False or exaggerated environmental claims are greenwashing."},{"text":"eco-labelling","correct":false,"explanation":"Eco-labelling provides environmental information or certification about a product and may be legitimate. Misleadingly presenting a business as environmentally friendly is called greenwashing."},{"text":"carbon offsetting","correct":false,"explanation":"Carbon offsetting involves funding emissions reductions elsewhere to compensate for emissions produced. Exaggerating or falsely presenting environmental credentials is specifically known as greenwashing."}]},{"id":"a80a67f4-6904-4e41-9035-96ad141c94e6","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"How can environmental protection laws create a cost-saving opportunity?","back":"They can drive lower waste or energy savings.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"They can drive lower waste or energy savings.","correct":true,"explanation":"Compliance can encourage efficient production methods, recycling and energy-saving technology. These changes reduce wasted materials or energy consumption, lowering the firm’s operating costs over time."},{"text":"They can drive higher compliance or monitoring costs.","correct":false,"explanation":"Compliance and monitoring costs are financial burdens rather than cost-saving opportunities. Savings arise when environmental laws encourage lower waste or reduced energy use."},{"text":"They can drive higher demand or premium prices.","correct":false,"explanation":"Higher demand and premium pricing are potential revenue benefits, not reductions in operating costs. The cost-saving opportunity comes from lowering waste or saving energy."},{"text":"They can drive lower corporation tax or interest rates.","correct":false,"explanation":"Environmental protection laws do not normally determine corporation tax or market interest rates. They can save costs by encouraging businesses to reduce waste and energy consumption."}]},{"id":"5f094bd9-fe3d-4ea5-bfb6-f9394db3c9d3","cardType":"basic","points":2,"front":"Why might a firm change suppliers after new tariffs or trade disruption?","back":"To reduce tariff exposure or avoid unreliable routes.","mcqOptions":[{"text":"To reduce tariff exposure or avoid unreliable routes.","correct":true,"explanation":"Changing to suppliers in different countries or closer locations can reduce import duties and bypass disrupted transport routes, improving both costs and supply reliability."},{"text":"To increase tariff exposure or retain unreliable routes.","correct":false,"explanation":"This reverses the firm’s likely objective because greater tariff exposure and unreliable routes increase costs and risk. A supplier change aims to reduce tariff exposure or avoid disruption."},{"text":"To reduce labour disputes or avoid employment law.","correct":false,"explanation":"Tariffs and trade disruption primarily affect imported inputs and transport routes, not employment legislation. The firm would change suppliers to reduce tariff exposure or avoid unreliable routes."},{"text":"To increase market share or avoid domestic competition.","correct":false,"explanation":"Supplier changes do not directly remove competitors or guarantee additional market share. Following tariffs or trade disruption, the immediate aim is reducing tariff exposure or avoiding unreliable routes."}]}]}],"examCountdown":{"examDate":"2027-05-13","paperLabel":"Paper 1"},"heading":"Political/legal environment","title":"Political/legal environment Flashcards","topbar":{"backHref":"/a-level/business/aqa/flashcards"},"topicSidebar":"$L38"}]}],"topicId":"a4647c03-0322-5222-bfbf-bc4980f50ba2","walled":"$L39"}],"$L3a","$L3b"]