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Practical skills assessed in a written examination

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Question 1

A group of environmental scientists investigated the potential of a plant growth-promoting bacterium, Pseudomonas putida, to enhance zinc uptake and growth in Vetiver grass (∗Chrysopogonzizanioides∗*Chrysopogon zizanioides*∗Chrysopogonzizanioides∗) grown in zinc-contaminated soils.

  • Wild-type (WT) Vetiver grass plants have a normal, deep, and highly branched root system.
  • Mutant (rhhrhhrhh) Vetiver grass plants have restricted root hair development, resulting in a significantly reduced total root surface area.

Both rhhrhhrhh mutant and WT plants were cultivated in identical, temperature-controlled glasshouse conditions under high zinc concentrations. Half of the plants of each group were inoculated with P. putida, while the remaining half were not. After 45 days, the root dry mass and shoot zinc concentration of the plants were measured.

The results are summarised in the table below:

Plant typePseudomonas putida addedMean root dry mass (g pot−1\text{g pot}^{-1}g pot−1)Mean shoot zinc concentration (mg kg−1\text{mg kg}^{-1}mg kg−1)
rhhrhhrhh mutantNo0.85±0.080.85 \pm 0.080.85±0.08120±12120 \pm 12120±12
rhhrhhrhh mutantYes1.65±0.151.65 \pm 0.151.65±0.15240±18240 \pm 18240±18
Wild type (WT)No3.50±0.253.50 \pm 0.253.50±0.25410±30410 \pm 30410±30
Wild type (WT)Yes3.10±0.303.10 \pm 0.303.10±0.30380±35380 \pm 35380±35

The researchers concluded that the addition of Pseudomonas putida fully mitigated the genetic root defect in the mutant grass, restoring both growth and zinc remediation capacity to wild-type levels.

Evaluate this conclusion using the data provided.

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Practical skills assessed in a written examination Questions

  1. A Level
  2. /Biology
  3. /Practical skills assessed in a written examination