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Foundations in biology

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Question 22

The table describes the adaptations of three types of specialised eukaryotic cells.

ErythrocytesNeutrophilsPalisade mesophyll cells
ABiconcave shape to maximise surface-area-to-volume ratio, and lack of mitochondria to prevent consumption of transported oxygenLobed nucleus to allow flexibility when squeezing through capillary walls, and numerous lysosomes containing hydrolytic enzymesCylindrical shape packed closely in columns to capture maximum light, and a large central vacuole to push chloroplasts to the cell periphery
BBiconcave shape to maximise surface-area-to-volume ratio, and numerous mitochondria to provide ATP for active transport of oxygenSpherical, unlobed nucleus to protect DNA during migration, and numerous lysosomes containing hydrolytic enzymesRounded shape packed loosely to allow gas circulation, and a large central vacuole to push chloroplasts to the cell periphery
CBiconcave shape to maximise surface-area-to-volume ratio, and lack of mitochondria to prevent consumption of transported oxygenSpherical, unlobed nucleus to protect DNA during migration, and a high density of ribosomes to synthesise antibodiesCylindrical shape packed closely in columns to capture maximum light, and absence of a vacuole to allow more space for chloroplasts
DFlat shape with a large diploid nucleus to regulate haemoglobin production, and lack of mitochondria to prevent consumption of transported oxygenLobed nucleus to allow flexibility when squeezing through capillary walls, and a high density of ribosomes to synthesise antibodiesRounded shape packed loosely to allow gas circulation, and absence of a vacuole to allow more space for chloroplasts

Which of the rows, A to D, is a correct description of the three cells?

Row A\text{A}A

Row B\text{B}B

Row C\text{C}C

Row D\text{D}D

Foundations in biology Questions

  1. A Level
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  3. /Foundations in biology