The formation of glomerular filtrate in the Bowman’s capsule of the kidney shares several physical and physiological principles with the formation of tissue fluid in typical capillary beds elsewhere in the body.
Describe the similarities and differences between the process of ultrafiltration in the glomerulus and the formation of tissue fluid in a typical capillary bed.
A patient's kidney health can also be monitored by measuring the concentration of urea in their blood plasma, as urea is a major nitrogenous waste product excreted by the kidneys.
Identify two patient-specific factors (other than kidney health) that can affect blood urea concentration, and explain how each factor causes this change.
Under normal conditions, plasma proteins such as albumin are prevented from entering the nephron. Explain why the presence of albumin in the urine is an indicator of damage to the glomerular filtration barrier.
17 exam-style questions on OCR A A Level Biology Excretion as an example of homeostatic control. Each one has a worked solution and a mark scheme showing where the marks go.