Type":"basic","front":"Why do most somatic cells contain the same genetic information as the fertilised egg?","back":"They are produced by mitosis.","points":1},{"id":"5c3ab66f-242b-46d1-9087-e7a9c5d73c8e","cardType":"basic","front":"Why can a neurone and a liver cell have the same DNA but different functions?","back":"They express different genes, producing different mRNA and proteins.","points":2},{"id":"28250973-59c9-4df5-b2c7-12bbc4d1a2cc","cardType":"basic","front":"Why can’t mature mammalian red blood cells transcribe new genes?","back":"They have no nucleus.","points":1},{"id":"bbd1cb4b-d9f8-48b0-8f15-b9cb47b0e1b5","cardType":"cloze","front":"A gene usually codes for a [ ], which folds to form a [ ].","back":"A gene usually codes for a polypeptide, which folds to form a protein.","points":null},{"id":"e9085702-5222-40e7-a0e1-2658d4cfde12","cardType":"cloze","front":"[ ] makes an mRNA copy of a gene; [ ] uses mRNA to make a polypeptide.","back":"Transcription makes an mRNA copy of a gene; translation uses mRNA to make a polypeptide.","points":null},{"id":"627a5a28-906b-432f-91d4-e9e06791972a","cardType":"cloze","front":"The set of proteins made by a cell is its [ ].","back":"The set of proteins made by a cell is its proteome.","points":null},{"id":"2f253646-adf1-4c1e-aef1-f07014e99b39","cardType":"basic","front":"In ciliated epithelial cells, what do tubulin proteins form?","back":"Microtubules inside cilia.","points":1},{"id":"cb705d81-f33e-4a98-a19e-a4ae67d27644","cardType":"basic","front":"How do dynein proteins help cilia beat?","back":"They use ATP to produce bending movements.","points":2},{"id":"735d56a6-4a53-4d5b-a817-6b124b0b2bad","cardType":"basic","front":"Why does high expression of respiratory enzyme genes help ciliated epithelial cells?","back":"It supplies more ATP for ciliary movement.","points":2},{"id":"54fde50d-aeda-469a-a599-e33eab37aac7","cardType":"cloze","front":"Differential gene expression can mean different cells express different [ ], or the same genes at different [ ].","back":"Differential gene expression can mean different cells express different genes, or the same genes at different rates.","points":null},{"id":"2b191117-def0-43b6-b2a5-25d4bef2fffa","cardType":"basic","front":"What happens to unused genes in most specialised cells?","back":"They remain in the DNA, but are not transcribed or only weakly transcribed.","points":2},{"id":"d958aa8a-dcad-4d49-8316-2486c28e532a","cardType":"basic","front":"Why are housekeeping genes expressed in almost all cells?","back":"They are needed for basic cell survival.","points":1},{"id":"909c19af-28db-4758-b339-79aba3c5f303","cardType":"basic","front":"What binds at a promoter to begin transcription?","back":"RNA polymerase and other proteins.","points":1},{"id":"08809e02-76c2-4ff0-ad63-1434be24df78","cardType":"cloze","front":"Some transcription factors increase transcription by helping [ ] bind; others reduce transcription by making DNA less [ ].","back":"Some transcription factors increase transcription by helping RNA polymerase bind; others reduce transcription by making DNA less accessible.","points":null},{"id":"d42243be-d348-4ac8-8be7-9ae3d75e7fb4","cardType":"cloze","front":"Eukaryotic DNA is wrapped around [ ] to form [ ].","back":"Eukaryotic DNA is wrapped around histones to form chromatin.","points":null},{"id":"

Differential gene expression and cell specialisation Flashcards

Differential gene expression and cell specialisation Flashcards

Differential gene expression and cell specialisation Flashcards

Differential gene expression and cell specialisation Flashcards