bsp; ] using [ ] as the transport fluid.","back":"In mammals, mass transport moves substances in bulk using blood as the transport fluid.","points":null},{"id":"05448697-3742-4dba-87bc-f2a39391fb9c","cardType":"cloze","front":"Human haemoglobin has a [ ] structure and contains [ ].","back":"Human haemoglobin has a quaternary structure and contains four haem groups.","points":null},{"id":"1c643c73-54aa-40a5-8b8c-b038e546840d","cardType":"basic","front":"How many oxygen molecules can one haemoglobin molecule carry?","back":"Four oxygen molecules.","points":1},{"id":"0eb85693-c8f7-4cfb-9cdb-0f04dcfc8664","cardType":"basic","front":"Why do mature mammalian red blood cells have no mitochondria?","back":"They do not use the oxygen they carry in aerobic respiration.","points":2},{"id":"37fd3ffd-5481-49c0-a8d2-ac8b6f52d49a","cardType":"cloze","front":"High oxygen affinity means haemoglobin binds oxygen [ ] but releases it [ ].","back":"High oxygen affinity means haemoglobin binds oxygen readily but releases it less easily.","points":null},{"id":"020d12c7-3598-4267-9cb0-0ab1fbc9207d","cardType":"basic","front":"Why is the oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve sigmoid?","back":"Cooperative binding: first O₂ changes haemoglobin shape, making later O₂ bind easier.","points":2},{"id":"e92627e5-dd0c-400a-919a-3d0dd4898d34","cardType":"basic","front":"What does high carbon dioxide do to haemoglobin's oxygen affinity?","back":"It lowers oxygen affinity.","points":1},{"id":"b5e66a90-eea4-40d2-aba7-b41e568a8301","cardType":"cloze","front":"Increased carbon dioxide shifts the dissociation curve to the [ ], so at the same $p\\text{O}_2$ haemoglobin is [ ].","back":"Increased carbon dioxide shifts the dissociation curve to the right, so at the same $p\\text{O}_2$ haemoglobin is less saturated.","points":null},{"id":"b404a115-8cf1-4258-a4a3-a1bf0e27905b","cardType":"basic","front":"What haemoglobin adaptation helps animals in low-oxygen environments load oxygen?","back":"Higher oxygen affinity, shown by a left-shifted curve.","points":2},{"id":"d543591e-f035-4694-bf47-68a81649f339","cardType":"basic","front":"Why can very high haemoglobin affinity be a disadvantage?","back":"Oxygen unloading becomes harder.","points":2},{"id":"25260c63-9a65-4a01-a8a3-c39266631e2a","cardType":"cloze","front":"In a double circulatory system, blood passes through the heart [ ] during one complete circuit.","back":"In a double circulatory system, blood passes through the heart twice during one complete circuit.","points":null},{"id":"415ef0ed-ea9a-4ab0-858d-c6dad6eb3ab9","cardType":"basic","front":"Which vessel carries deoxygenated blood away from the heart to the lungs?","back":"The pulmonary artery.","points":1},{"id":"0c0d56c6-a206-436b-b2dd-1ac269816ba5","cardType":"basic","front":"Why is the left ventricle wall thicker than the right?","back":"It pumps blood at higher pressure around the whole body.","points":2},{"id":"28c99e38-8b89-4dae-b8a1-7b38a43ac68c","cardType":"cloze","front":"[ ] lie between atria and ventricles; [ ] lie at the bases of the aorta and pulmonary artery.","back":"Atrioventricular valves lie between atria and ventricles; semilunar valves lie at the bases of the aorta and pulm

Mass transport in animals Flashcards

Mass transport in animals Flashcards

Mass transport in animals Flashcards

Mass transport in animals Flashcards